“读研8年获学位证11天被作废”案二审维持原裁定，女子将继续申诉，同济大学称未对其权利义务产生实际影响
“读研8年获学位证11天被作废”案二审维持原裁定，女子将继续申诉，同济大学称未对其权利义务产生实际影响
内蒙古42岁任女士读研8年获学位证仅11天被作废，上海同济大学“短命的学位证书”案有最新进展。12月20日，华商报大风新闻记者从当事人处证实，11月27日，上海市二中院作出二审裁定，维持原裁定。
任女士拿到已作废的学位证书
>>>短命的学位证书
11天后学院公告不授予，“把学校颁发的证给作废”
2015年3月，任女士考取2015级同济大学材料科学与工程学院（以下简称材料学院）的工程硕士研究生。在校攻读期间，任女士以全优的成绩完成全部课程，毕业论文盲评的成绩接近优秀，论文成果的发表也达到学校要求。后因疫情影响，学校建议她推迟两年论文答辩，任女士最终在2020年11月通过论文答辩。
2020年至2022年，任女士曾多次申请学位评审，材料学院均拒绝授予学位，也未出具书面理由。在两次论文盲评均接近优秀的情况下，多次让女士修改论文补充资料。
2023年8月，任女士无奈向法院发起行政诉讼后，才收到学院邮寄来的学位证书。此时，任女士细看发现，早在14个月前的2022年6月30日，证书就已颁发，但是查询材料学院网站显示，2022年7月11日材料学院又宣布不授予任女士学位，也就是说，这个学位证书曾有过11天短暂的有效期，到了任女士的手后就已经是作废的证书。
2022年7月11日材料科学与工程学院官网发布公告，对任女士等5人作出“不授予学位”的决定
“等我们拿到这个证，看到日期时才知道这个情况，去查了学信网，其实这个证在一年多前就已经登记了。”任女士截图为证，2022年7月11日材料学院官网发布公告，对任女士等5人作出“不授予学位”的决定，也就是说，她的同济大学学位证仅仅“存活”了11天。
任女士强调说：“学院发布了不予授予的通告，把学校颁发的证给作废了。正常是学校颁证给学院，但学院就没告诉我，还把学校颁发的证书给撤销了，这中间学院并没有书面或电话告知我本人。”
>>>多次和学校沟通
“他们把我的学位撤销了，我怎么没有起诉资格？”
为了这份学位证书，任女士夫妇多次和材料学院以及同济大学沟通未果。“持这个证书报考博士或者评职称无效，因为不光是要看学信网，还要查证相关的荣誉、处分等信息，只要在网上百度就能查到。”
2024年5月，该案一审在上海静安区法院开庭审理。6月28日，一审法院作出“驳回起诉”的裁定，认定原告任女士不够起诉资格，认为同济大学拖延3年发证，材料学院于11天后作废学位证书，最后又扣发一年多学位证书等行政行为对她没有任何影响。
对此，任女士不服，上诉至上海市二中院。“我是学院的学生，他们把我的学位撤销了，我怎么没有起诉的资格？我8年的时间被耽误了，我现在42岁，职称、升职、加薪啊，很多事情都耽误了！”
>>>二审维持原裁定
学院的行为对上诉人的权利义务不产生终局影响
任女士的代理人、丈夫任先生告诉华商报大风新闻记者，经过4个半月的审理，上海市二中院依据一份同济大学提供的内部文件的复印件，在未经过开庭审理和对新证据质证的情况下，维持了一审的裁定。
上海二中院出具（2024）沪02行320号裁定书显示，法院经审理查明，原审裁定认定的事实有证据佐证，法院予以确认。
法院另查明，同济大学于2022年7月21日作出同济研〔2022〕94 号《关于授予杨某某等6 人硕士学位的决定》，授予6人（注：其中包括任女士）硕士学位。
同济大学2022年7月21日《关于授予杨某某等6 人硕士学位的决定》，授予包括任女士在内等6人硕士学位
法院认为，当事人提起行政诉讼应当符合法定起诉条件。本案中，上诉人对材料学院于2022年7月11日在该学院网站上发布的《授予学位结果公告》不服，要求撤销其中涉及其本人的部分，并要求相应的赔偿。
现查明，该公告系由材料学院及学位评定分委会落款，由材料学院盖章，在材料学院的网站发布，并非出于同济大学的意思表示，亦非由同济大学作出。同济大学已于2022年7月21日作出授予硕士学位的决定，《授予学位结果公告》虽然在文字上采用了授予学位等表述，但确系在同济大学作出学位授予决定的审核过程中，上诉人所属学院的行为，对上诉人的权利义务不产生终局影响。
诉讼中，同济大学客观上认可其授予学位的决定，也对学位证上的落款时间作出解释。故被诉《授予学位结果公告》不属于行政诉讼的受案范围。上海二中院遂作出终审裁定，驳回上诉，维持原裁定。
>>>质疑审理的程序
不开庭未质证，学校说明材料为何作为定案依据？
“法院认定她虽然拿到学位证书11天后就被作废，但学位证书是有效的。其间，同济大学拖延发证和下属材料学院扣证的行为对她没有利益影响，因此认定她不符合起诉条件。”作为一名专业的行政律师，任先生认为二审的审理程序存在程序违法。
任先生提供了9月20日与二审法官的电话录音，法官称曾在二审期间主动让同济大学提供了一份说明材料。这份材料是同济大学内部文件的复印件。该材料显示，2022年7月21日，同济大学曾经授予任女士学位。
任先生表示，法官曾多次承诺这份材料只作为说明材料不作为定案依据，但在未开庭未进行质证的情况下，二审裁判书竟将此份材料作为最终裁判的定案依据。
任先生质疑同济大学提供的这份说明材料真假。“材料是同济研〔2022〕94号文件的复印件，这份材料无来源说明、无原件、无盖章签字，落款盖章只是同济大学的‘电子专用章’，也就是说，这份材料为同济大学的内部系统流转文件的一个复印件，内部文件对外不产生效力，而且无法证明其真假。”
任先生告诉记者，“电子专用章为内部印章，不对外。这个印章的轮廓粗细不均匀，全部为虚点，不充实，字体也不对，而且盖章的下方位置也压住了时间。”
任先生表示，这个电子专用章无法做司法鉴定，“因为他们没有提供原件，只是复印件，所以无法鉴定，而且复印件在法律上不经过双方质证，是不能作为证据的。”
任先生指出，这份证据材料在一审庭审中并未提供过，根据《行政诉讼法》第34条的规定，被告需在一审举证期限内提交证据，被告不提供或者无正当理由逾期提供证据，视为没有相应证据。同时，该份材料的内容与同济大学提供的其他证据严重矛盾，根据同济大学一审中曾提交过的证据显示，2022年7月至2023年5月，任女士三次被同济大学材料学院开会研究决定不授予其学位。
任先生表示，按照《行政诉讼法》的规定，在有当事人提交了新证据和新理由的情况下，法院应当开庭审理。
“法官在主动让同济大学提交了新证据材料后，仍然不开庭审理，而是传唤我在9月23日前往法院进行单独谈话，谈话形式完全按照庭审的模式进行，只是没有被上诉人同济大学的参加。案件审结后，我查阅案卷，没有找到关于此次法庭谈话的任何记录。”
>>>背离常识和认知
材料学院是同济大学直属学院，无独立法人地位
作为代理人，任先生指出，上海二中院裁定认为，不授予任女士学位的公告系由材料学院及学位评定分委会落款，由材料学院盖章，在材料学院网站发布，并非出于同济大学的意思表示，亦非由同济大学作出。
“材料学院是同济大学的直属学院，无独立的法人地位，属于行政机关的内部机构。二审裁定书说行政机关内部机构的行为不属于行政机关，这种判断完全背离法律常识和一般人的认知。”
任先生表示，上诉人（原审原告）曾分别向一审和二审法院申请调取“学位评审会议记录”等关键性证据，同时申请做“证人证言”的证人出庭，但一审法院未予调取，二审法院也未满足上诉人的合理要求。
>>>同济大学辩称
不存在上诉人所称的以公告否定证书效力的情况
12月20日，华商报大风新闻记者联系同济大学，一位校方工作人员表示不了解情况，需要找其他部门了解。
“这个事情已经走了诉讼，诉讼的情况，你可以依据法院的判决嘛。”该工作人员表示不清楚学校电子公章使用情况，“这个事情已经通过诉讼在解决，也需要尊重法院的工作。”
任先生表示：“我们申请和同济大学材料学院领导见面沟通，现在也没结果。”
上海二中院裁定书显示，被上诉人同济大学辩称，上诉人要求撤销的《授予学位结果公告》，系学位评定分委会公告其分委会评定结果的行为，属于学位授予审核过程中的过程性行为，并非同济大学授予学位的最终决定，未对上诉人的权利义务产生实际影响。授予决定过程中的数次未通过的通知和公告属于学校学术自治范畴。
同济大学于2022年7月21日作出同济研〔2022〕94号《关于授予杨某某等6人硕士学位的决定》，授予上诉人硕士学位决定后，经上海市审核、教育部备案，相关学位信息在学信网可以查到。
根据《同济大学学位授予工作细则》第35条的规定，学位评定分委会作出授予学位决定的学位证书填写时间，为相近备案日，而非决定作出日，备案日分别为当年3月31日、6月30日、9月30日、12月31日。上诉人的授予决定为7月21 日作出，相近备案日为6月30日，故硕士证书填写的日期为6月30日，不存在上诉人所称的以公告否定证书效力的情况。
同济大学辩称，原审裁定正确，请求驳回上诉，维持原裁定。
任女士夫妇告诉记者，他们将继续向上海市高院申诉，目前已经向相关纪检司法和信访部门进行投诉。
>>>第三方律师观点
当事人不服二审裁定，可向上一级法院申请再审
知名刑事辩护律师、河南泽槿律师事务所主任付建认为，材料学院作为同济大学直属学院，在学位授予过程中的种种行为，如发布与学校最终决定似乎相悖的公告，反映出学校内部管理在学位授予流程上可能存在沟通不畅、职责不清等问题，导致任女士的学位问题陷入混乱局面，作为合法权益受损的一方，任女士具有诉讼资格。
付建指出，任女士可以向同济大学申请公开与自己学位授予相关的所有信息，包括学位评审会议记录、学院与学校之间关于学位授予的沟通文件等，以获取更多关键证据，继续向上级法院申诉。
付建建议，任女士可以继续收集与案件相关的证据，包括学业成绩证明、论文盲评结果、与学校沟通的记录、法院审理过程中的相关文件等，以证明自己在学业上达到学位授予要求，以及学校在学位授予过程中存在的问题。
“依据《刑事诉讼法》第90条规定，对已经发生法律效力的裁定认为有错误的，可以向上一级法院申请再审。”
付建表示，任女士向相关纪检司法和信访部门投诉后，可积极与这些部门保持沟通，了解其处理流程和进展情况，配合他们的调查工作，提供必要的证据和信息。
The second instance of the case of "invalidation of degree certificate obtained after 8 years of postgraduate study for 11 days" maintains the original ruling, and the woman will continue to appeal. Tongji University claims that it has not had a practical impact on her rights and obligations
Ms. Ren, a 42 year old graduate student from Inner Mongolia, had her degree certificate invalidated only 11 days after 8 years of study. There has been a new development in the "short-lived degree certificate" case at Tongji University in Shanghai.
On December 20th, a reporter from Huashang Daily's Dafeng News confirmed from the parties involved that on November 27th, the Shanghai Second Intermediate People's court made a second instance ruling to uphold the original ruling.
Ms. Ren received a invalidated degree certificate in the picture
>>>A short-lived degree certificate
11 days later, the college announced that the certificate issued by the school will not be granted and will be invalidated
In March 2015, Ms. Ren was admitted to the Engineering Master's program at the School of Materials Science and Engineering (hereinafter referred to as the School of Materials Science and Engineering) of Tongji University in 2015.
During her time at school, Ms. Ren completed all courses with a perfect score, achieved near excellence in the blind evaluation of her graduation thesis, and met the school's requirements for publication of her thesis results.
Due to the impact of the epidemic, the school suggested that she postpone her thesis defense for two years. Ms. Ren finally passed her thesis defense in November 2020.
From 2020 to 2022, Ms. Ren has applied for degree evaluation multiple times, but the School of Materials Science has refused to grant degrees without providing written reasons.
In the case where both blind evaluations of the paper were close to excellent, the lady was repeatedly asked to revise the paper and supplement the materials.
In August 2023, Ms. Ren reluctantly filed an administrative lawsuit with the court before receiving the degree certificate mailed by the college.
At this point, Ms. Ren carefully examined and found that the certificate had been issued as early as June 30, 2022, 14 months ago. However, according to the website of the School of Materials Science, on July 11, 2022, the School announced that it would not grant Ms. Ren a degree. In other words, this degree certificate had a brief validity period of 11 days and was already invalid when it reached Ms. Ren's hands.
On July 11, 2022, the official website of the School of Materials Science and Engineering announced the decision not to award degrees to Ms. Ren and five others
We only found out about this situation when we received this certificate and saw the date. We checked the Student Information Network and found out that this certificate had already been registered more than a year ago. "Ms. Ren took a screenshot as evidence. On July 11, 2022, the official website of the School of Materials Science and Technology issued a notice stating that Ms. Ren and five others would not be awarded degrees. In other words, her Tongji University degree certificate had only" survived "for 11 days.
Ms. Ren emphasized, "The college has issued a notice of non award and invalidated the certificates issued by the school. Normally, the school issues certificates to the college, but the college did not inform me and even revoked the certificates issued by the school. The college did not inform me in writing or by phone during this process
>>>Communicate with the school multiple times
They revoked my degree, why am I not eligible to sue
Ms. Ren and her husband have had multiple unsuccessful communications with the School of Materials Science and Tongji University in order to obtain this degree certificate.
Holding this certificate to apply for a doctoral degree or professional title is invalid, because not only do we need to check the academic information website, but we also need to verify relevant honors, punishments, and other information, which can be found on Baidu online
In May 2024, the first instance of the case was heard in the Jing'an district Court in Shanghai.
On June 28th, the first instance court made a ruling to "dismiss the lawsuit", determining that the plaintiff Ms. Ren did not have the qualifications to sue, and that Tongji University delayed issuing the certificate for 3 years, the School of Materials Science invalidated the degree certificate 11 days later, and finally deducted the degree certificate for more than a year. These administrative actions had no impact on her.
Ms. Ren disagrees with this and appeals to Shanghai No.2 Intermediate People's Court.
I am a student of the college, and they revoked my degree. Why am I not eligible to sue? My 8 years have been delayed. I am now 42 years old, and my professional title, promotion, and salary increase have all been delayed
>>>The second instance upholds the original ruling
The actions of the college do not have a final impact on the rights and obligations of the appellant
Ms. Ren's representative and husband, Mr. Ren, told a reporter from Huashang Daily Dafeng News that after four and a half months of trial, Shanghai No.2 Intermediate People's Court upheld the first instance ruling based on a copy of an internal document provided by Tongji University, without conducting a court hearing or cross examining new evidence.
The Shanghai No.2 Intermediate People's Court issued a ruling (2024) Hu 02 Hang No. 320, which shows that the court has found through trial that the facts determined in the original ruling are supported by evidence, and the court has confirmed them.
The court also found that Tongji University made a decision on July 21, 2022, titled "Tongji Research [2022] No. 94, to grant master's degrees to six individuals including Yang, granting master's degrees to six individuals (including Ms. Ren).
On July 21, 2022, Tongji University issued a decision to award master's degrees to six individuals, including Ms. Ren, in accordance with the regulations
The court believes that the parties filing an administrative lawsuit should meet the statutory conditions for filing a lawsuit.
In this case, the appellant is dissatisfied with the "Announcement of Degree Awarding Results" published by the School of Materials Science on its website on July 11, 2022, and requests the revocation of the part related to himself and corresponding compensation.
It has been found that the announcement was signed by the School of Materials Science and the Degree Evaluation Subcommittee, stamped by the School of Materials Science and published on the website of the School of Materials Science, and was not intended or made by Tongji University.
Tongji University has made the decision to award a master's degree on July 21, 2022. Although the "Announcement of Degree Awarding Results" uses expressions such as degree awarding in text, it is true that the actions of the appellant's college during the review process of Tongji University's degree awarding decision do not have a final impact on the appellant's rights and obligations.
In the lawsuit, Tongji University objectively recognized its decision to award degrees and also provided an explanation for the date of signature on the degree certificate.
Therefore, the sued 'Announcement of Degree Awarding Results' does not fall within the scope of administrative litigation.
The Shanghai Second Intermediate People's Court then made a final ruling, rejecting the appeal and upholding the original ruling.
>>>Procedure for questioning the trial
Why is the school's explanation material used as the basis for deciding the case without a court hearing or cross examination?
The court determined that although her degree certificate was invalidated 11 days after receiving it, it was still valid. During this period, Tongji University's delay in issuing the certificate and the deduction of the certificate by its affiliated materials college had no impact on her interests, so it was determined that she did not meet the conditions for prosecution. As a professional administrative lawyer, Mr. Ren believes that the second instance trial procedure was procedurally illegal.
Mr. Ren provided a recorded phone call with the second instance judge on September 20th, who claimed to have voluntarily asked Tongji University to provide an explanatory material during the second instance.
This material is a copy of an internal document from Tongji University.
The material shows that on July 21, 2022, Tongji University awarded Ms. Ren a degree.
Mr. Ren stated that the judge had repeatedly promised that this material would only be used as explanatory material and not as a basis for the final judgment. However, without a court hearing or cross examination, the second instance judgment actually used this material as the basis for the final judgment.
Mr. Ren questioned the authenticity of the explanatory material provided by Tongji University.
The material is a copy of Tongji Research [2022] No. 94 document. This material has no source explanation, no original document, and no seal or signature. The signature and seal are only the 'electronic special seal' of Tongji University. In other words, this material is a copy of Tongji University's internal system circulation document. The internal document is not valid to the outside world and cannot be proven to be true or false
Mr. Ren told reporters, "The electronic special seal is an internal seal and not for external use. The outline thickness of this seal is uneven, all of which are dotted and not full. The font is also incorrect, and the position below the seal also presses down on time
Mr. Ren stated that this electronic special seal cannot be used for judicial appraisal because they did not provide the original document, only a copy, so it cannot be appraised. Moreover, the copy cannot be used as evidence in law without cross examination by both parties
Mr. Ren pointed out that this evidence material was not provided during the first instance trial. According to Article 34 of the Administrative Litigation Law, the defendant is required to submit evidence within the first instance evidence submission deadline. If the defendant fails to provide or provides evidence beyond the deadline without justifiable reasons, it shall be deemed that there is no corresponding evidence.
At the same time, the content of this material is seriously contradictory to other evidence provided by Tongji University. According to the evidence submitted by Tongji University in the first instance, from July 2022 to May 2023, Ms. Ren was held three times by the School of Materials Science and Technology at Tongji University to discuss and decide not to grant her a degree.
Mr. Ren stated that according to the provisions of the Administrative Litigation Law, if a party submits new evidence and reasons, the court should hold a trial.
After the judge took the initiative to have Tongji University submit new evidence materials, he still did not hold a court hearing. Instead, he summoned me to the court for a private conversation before September 23, which was conducted completely in accordance with the format of the court hearing, except that Tongji University, the appellant, did not participate. After the case was concluded, I searched the case file and did not find any record of the court conversation
>>>Deviation from common sense and cognition
The School of Materials Science is a directly affiliated college of Tongji University and does not have independent legal status
As an agent, Mr. Ren pointed out that the ruling of Shanghai No.2 Intermediate People's Court held that the announcement of not granting Ms. Ren a degree was signed by the School of Materials Science and Technology and the Degree Evaluation Subcommittee, stamped by the School of Materials Science and Technology, and published on the website of the School of Materials Science and Technology, and was not expressed by Tongji University, nor was it made by Tongji University.
The School of Materials Science and Technology is a directly affiliated college of Tongji University, without independent legal status, and is an internal institution of the administrative agency. The second instance ruling states that the behavior of the internal institution of the administrative agency does not belong to the administrative agency, which completely deviates from legal common sense and the general public's cognition
Mr. Ren stated that the appellant (the plaintiff in the original trial) had applied to the first and second instance courts separately to retrieve key evidence such as the "minutes of the degree evaluation meeting", and also applied for witnesses to appear in court as "witness testimony". However, the first instance court did not retrieve it, and the second instance court did not meet the appellant's reasonable requirements.
>>>Tongji University argues
There is no situation as claimed by the appellant where the effectiveness of the certificate is denied through a public announcement
On December 20th, a reporter from Huashang Daily contacted Tongji University, and a staff member of the university stated that they were not aware of the situation and needed to seek information from other departments.
This matter has already gone through litigation. In the case of litigation, can you rely on the court's judgment? "The staff member said that they were not clear about the use of the school's electronic seal." This matter has already been resolved through litigation, and we also need to respect the court's work
Mr. Ren said, "We have applied to meet and communicate with the leaders of the School of Materials Science at Tongji University, but there is no result yet
According to the ruling of Shanghai No.2 Intermediate People's Court, the respondent Tongji University argued that the appellant's request to revoke the "Announcement of Degree Awarding Results" was an act of the Degree Evaluation Subcommittee announcing its evaluation results, which was a procedural act in the degree awarding review process and not the final decision of Tongji University to award degrees, and did not have an actual impact on the appellant's rights and obligations.
Several notifications and announcements that were not approved during the award decision-making process belong to the scope of academic autonomy of the school.
On July 21, 2022, Tongji University made a decision on granting master's degrees to six individuals, including Yang, as stated in Tongji Research [2022] No. 94. After the decision to grant master's degrees to the appellant was reviewed by the Shanghai Municipal government and filed with the Ministry of Education, relevant degree information can be found on the China Academic Degrees and Graduate Education press website.
According to Article 35 of the "Tongji University Degree Awarding Work Rules", the degree evaluation committee shall fill in the degree certificate for the degree awarding decision on a date similar to the filing date, rather than the decision making date. The filing dates are March 31, June 30, September 30, and December 31 of the current year, respectively.
The appellant's award decision was made on July 21st, with a similar filing date of June 30th. Therefore, the date for filling out the master's certificate is June 30th, and there is no situation as claimed by the appellant to deny the validity of the certificate through public announcement.
Tongji University argues that the original ruling was correct and requests to reject the appeal and uphold the original ruling.
Ms. Ren and her husband told reporters that they will continue to appeal to the Shanghai High Court and have already filed complaints with relevant disciplinary inspection, judicial and petition departments.
>>>Third party lawyer's viewpoint
If the party concerned disagrees with the second instance ruling, they may apply for a retrial to the higher court
Fu Jian, a well-known criminal defense lawyer and director of Henan Zejin Law Firm, believes that the various behaviors of the School of Materials Science and Technology, as a directly affiliated college of Tongji University, in the process of degree granting, such as issuing announcements that seem to contradict the final decision of the school, reflect the possible communication barriers and unclear responsibilities in the internal management of the school's degree granting process, which has led to Ms. Ren's degree issue being in a chaotic situation. As the party whose legitimate rights and interests are damaged, Ms. Ren has the qualification to sue.
Fu Jian pointed out that Ms. Ren can apply to Tongji University to publicly disclose all information related to her degree granting, including the minutes of the degree review meeting, communication documents between the college and the school regarding degree granting, etc., in order to obtain more key evidence and continue to appeal to the higher court.
Fu Jian suggests that Ms. Ren can continue to collect evidence related to the case, including academic performance certificates, blind evaluation results of academic papers, records of communication with the school, relevant documents during the court proceedings, etc., to prove that she has met the degree granting requirements in her studies and the problems that the school has encountered in the degree granting process.
According to Article 90 of the Criminal Procedure Law, if it is deemed that a legally effective ruling has errors, it may apply for retrial to the higher-level court
Fu Jian stated that after Ms. Ren complained to the relevant disciplinary inspection, judicial and petition departments, she could actively maintain communication with these departments, understand their processing procedures and progress, cooperate with their investigation work, and provide necessary evidence and information.
1.During her time at school, Ms. Ren completed all courses with a perfect score, achieved near excellence in the blind evaluation of her graduation thesis, and met the school's requirements for publication of her thesis results.
句子成分分析：
[During her time] [at school], Ms. Ren completed all courses [with a perfect score], achieved [near excellence] [in the blind evaluation (of her graduation thesis)], and met the school's requirements [for publication (of her thesis results)].
句子语法结构详解：
(met 为 meet 的过去式。)
* completed 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* achieved 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* met 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* her 为形容词型物主代词。school's 为名词所有格。the 为定冠词。a 为不定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Vocabulary:
| during ['djuәriŋ] | prep. | 在...期间 |
| time [taim] | n. | 1) 时间 2) 时候 3) 时期，时代 |
| school [sku:l] | n. | 1) (中、小）学校 2) 专科学校，专业学校 3) 流派，学派 |
| complete [kәm'pli:t] | vt. | 1) 完成，结束 2) 填写（表格） |
| all [ɔ:l] | a. | 1) 所有的, 全部的，一切的 2) 整个的 |
| course [kɔ:s] | n. | 1) 课程, 讲座 2) 航线，航向 |
| perfect ['pә:fikt] | a. | 1) 完备的，完美的，完全的 2) 完全正确的，准确的，地道的 |
| score [skɔ:] | n. | 1) 得分，比分 2) 成绩，分数 |
| achieve [ә'tʃi:v] | vi. | 成功 |
| near [niә] | prep. | 1) 接近, 靠近, 临近 2) (数目等)大约,上下, 接近 |
| excellence ['ekslәns] | n. | 优秀，杰出，卓越 |
| blind [blaind] | a. | 1) 瞎的，失明的 2) （the blind）盲人 |
| evaluation [i,vælju'eiʃәn] | n. | 评估, 估价, 求值 |
| graduation [,grædʒu'eiʃәn] | n. | 1) （大学或美国高中的）毕业 2) 毕业典礼日 |
| thesis ['θi:sis] | n. | 1) 论文，毕业论文，学位论文 2) 命题，论题 |
| and [ænd] | conj. | 1) 和, 与, 同, 并 2) 然后，接着 |
| meet [mi:t] | vt. | 1) 遇到，见到 2) 会晤，会见，开会 |
| requirement [ri'kwaiәmәnt] | n. | 1) 必要条件，必备的条件 2) （通常作 requirements）所需的（或所要的）东西 |
| publication [,pʌbli'keiʃәn] | n. | 1) （书刊等的）出版，发行，出版物 2) 发表，刊登，公布 |
| result [ri'zʌlt] | n. | 1) 结果，后果 2) 结果（包括比分、得票、获胜者或当选者名单等） |
2.Holding this certificate to apply for a doctoral degree or professional title is invalid, because not only do we need to check the academic information website, but we also need to verify relevant honors, punishments, and other information, which can be found on Baidu online
句子成分分析：
Holding this certificate to apply for a doctoral degree or professional title is invalid,
because not only
do we need to check the academic information website, || but we also need to verify relevant honors, punishments, and other information, (which can be found [on Baidu] [online])
句子语法结构详解：
(found 为 find 的过去分词。)
* Holding 为动名词，在句中作主语。
* to apply 为不定式，作宾语补足语(或称复合宾语)。
* is 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* invalid 为形容词作表语。
* 助动词 do 引导一般疑问句。
* 第1个 need 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* to check 为不定式，作宾语。
* but 为并列连词，连接并列句，表转折。
* 第2个 need 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* to verify 为不定式，作宾语。
* which 为关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句。
* found 为谓语，采用被动语态。
* can 为情态动词。we 为人称代词主格。be 为助动词。the 为定冠词。a 为不定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
| apply for... | 申请..., 请求... |
| not only | 不仅 |
Vocabulary:
| hold [hәuld] | vt. | 1) 拿着，抓住，抱住，托住，夹着,捂住， 按住 2) 使保持（在某位置）, 固定住 |
| this [θis] | a. | 1) 这(个) 2) 今,本 |
| certificate [sә'tifikeit] | n. | 1) 证明 2) 文凭 |
| doctoral ['dɔktәrәl] | a. | 博士的；博士学位的 |
| degree [di'gri:] | n. | 1) 大学学位 2) 度数，度 3) 程度 |
| or [ɔ:] | conj. | 1) 或，或者，还是 2) 否则，要不然 |
| professional [prә'feʃәnl] | a. | 1) 职业的，专业的 2) 有职业的，专业的 |
| title ['taitl] | n. | 1) 标题，题目 2) 头衔，职称，称谓,称号 |
| invalid [in'vælid] | a. | 1) （法律上或官方）不承认的，无效的 2) 无充分事实的，站不住脚的 |
| because [bi'kɔ:z] | conj. | 因为 |
| need [ni:d] | vt. | 需要，必需 |
| vt. | 需要，必需 | |
| check [tʃek] | vt. | 1) 检查，审查，查核，检验 2) 查明，查看，核实 |
| academic [,ækә'demik] | a. | 1) 学业的，教学的，学术的（尤指与学校教育有关） 2) 学术的（与实践性、技术性相对） |
| information [,infә'meiʃәn] | n. | 1) 信息，消息，情报，资料，资讯 2) 书的信息内容 |
| website | n. | 网站 |
| but [bʌt] | conj. | 1) 但是 2) 而, 却 |
| also ['ɔ:lsәu] | ad. | 而且；此外；也；同样 |
| verify ['verifai] | vt. | 1) 证明，证实 2) 核实，查对，核准 |
| relevant ['relivәnt] | a. | 1) 有价值的，有意义的 2) 紧密相关的，切题的 |
| honor ['ɔnә] | n. | 1) 名誉，荣誉 2) 尊敬，崇敬 |
| punishment ['pʌniʃmәnt] | n. | 1) 惩罚，处罚，刑罚 2) 粗暴对待，虐待 |
| and [ænd] | conj. | 1) 和, 与, 同, 并 2) 然后，接着 |
| other ['ʌðә] | a. | 1) 其他的, 另外的, 其余的 2) 另一 |
| find [faind] | vt. | 1) （意外或偶然地）发现，碰到 2) 找到，找回 |
| online | ad. | 在线, 联机, 联网,在网上 |
句子相关学习点：
3.The court believes that the parties filing an administrative lawsuit should meet the statutory conditions for filing a lawsuit. In this case, the appellant is dissatisfied with the "Announcement of Degree Awarding Results" published by the School of Materials Science on its website on July 11, 2022, and requests the revocation of the part related to himself and corresponding compensation.
句子成分分析：
The court believes | that the parties filing an administrative lawsuit should meet the statutory conditions [for filing a lawsuit].
[In this case], the appellant is dissatisfied with the "Announcement (of Degree Awarding Results)" published [by the School (of Materials Science)] [on its website] [on July 11 , 2022], and requests the revocation of the part (related to himself and corresponding compensation).
句子语法结构详解：
* believes 为谓语，采用一般现在时。动词采用第三人称单数形式。
* that 为连词，引导宾语从句。
* 第1个 filing 为现在分词，作后置定语。
* meet 为谓语。
* 第2个 filing 为动名词，作介词宾语。
* is 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* dissatisfied 为形容词作表语。
* Awarding 为现在分词，作后置定语。
* published 为过去分词，作后置定语。
* requests 为谓语，采用一般现在时。动词采用第三人称单数形式。
* related to himself and corresponding compensation 为后置定语。
* its 为物主代词。should 为情态动词。himself 为自身代词。the 为定冠词。a/an 为不定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
| be dissatisfied with... | 对...不满意 |
| be related to... | 与...有关，与...有联系 |
Vocabulary:
| court [kɔ:t] | n. | 1) 法庭，法院 2) 庭院，院子 |
| believe [bi'li:v] | vt. | 1) 相信，认为真实 2) 认为(……有可能), 把（某事）当真 |
| party ['pɑ:ti] | n. | 1) 聚会，宴会，联欢会，派对 2) （或 Party）政党，党派 |
| file [fail] | vt. | 1) 提起（诉讼），提出（申请），送交（备案） 2) 把（文件等）归档 |
| vt. | 1) 提起（诉讼），提出（申请），送交（备案） 2) 把（文件等）归档 | |
| administrative [әd'ministrәtiv] | a. | 管理的，行政的 |
| lawsuit ['lɔ:sju:t] | n. | 诉讼，起诉 |
| meet [mi:t] | vt. | 1) 遇到，见到 2) 会晤，会见，开会 |
| statutory ['stætjutәri] | a. | 法定的，依法必须执行的 |
| condition [kәn'diʃәn] | n. | 1) 环境，条件 2) 状态 |
| this [θis] | a. | 1) 这(个) 2) 今,本 |
| case [keis] | n. | 1) (侦查或诉讼的)案件 2) 箱, 盒, 容器 |
| appellant [ә'pelәnt] | n. | （律）上诉人 |
| announcement [ә'naunsmәnt] | n. | 1) （一项）公告，布告，通告 2) （指行动）宣布，宣告 |
| degree [di'gri:] | n. | 1) 大学学位 2) 度数，度 3) 程度 |
| award [ә'wɔ:d] | vt. | 授予，奖励，判给 |
| result [ri'zʌlt] | n. | 1) 结果，后果 2) 结果（包括比分、得票、获胜者或当选者名单等） |
| publish ['pʌbliʃ] | vt. | 1) 出版，发行 2) （在报刊）发表，刊登，登载 |
| school [sku:l] | n. | 1) (中、小）学校 2) 专科学校，专业学校 3) 流派，学派 |
| material [mә'tiәriәl] | n. | 1) 材料，原料 2) 布料 |
| science ['saiәns] | n. | 1) 科学 2) 理科 |
| its [its] | a. | 它的 |
| website | n. | 网站 |
| and [ænd] | conj. | 1) 和, 与, 同, 并 2) 然后，接着 |
| request [ri'kwest] | vt. | （正式或礼貌地)要求，请求 |
| revocation [,revә'keiʃәn] | n. | （法律等的）撤销，废除 |
| part [pɑ:t] | n. | 1) 部分 2) 部件，零件 3) 角色，台词 |
| himself [him'self] | pron | 他自己 |
| corresponding [,kɔri'spɔndiŋ] | a. | 符合的，相应的，相关的 |
| compensation [,kɔmpen'seiʃәn] | n. | 赔偿，补偿，赔偿金，赔偿物 |
4.Mr. Ren stated that the appellant (the plaintiff in the original trial) had applied to the first and second instance courts separately to retrieve key evidence such as the "minutes of the degree evaluation meeting", and also applied for witnesses to appear in court as "witness testimony".
句子成分分析：
Mr. Ren stated | that the appellant (the plaintiff (in the original) trial) had applied to the first and second instance courts [separately] to retrieve key evidence (such as the "minutes (of the degree evaluation meeting)"), and [also] applied for witnesses to appear [in court] [as "witness testimony]".
句子语法结构详解：
* stated 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* that 为连词，引导宾语从句。
* trial 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* 第1个 applied 为谓语，采用过去完成时。
* to retrieve 为不定式，作状语。
* 第2个 applied 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* to appear 为不定式，作状语。
* witness 开头为祈使句。
* witness 为谓语。
* had 为助动词。the 为定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
| apply to... | 1) 应用于, 涉及, 关系到 2) 向……申请 |
| such as | 1) 例如，比如 2) 像……那样的，诸如……之类的 |
| apply for... | 申请..., 请求... |
Vocabulary:
| state [steit] | vt. | 1) 陈述，说明，声明 2) 规定，公布 |
| appellant [ә'pelәnt] | n. | （律）上诉人 |
| plaintiff ['pleintif] | n. |
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