本报记者 程维 北京报道

4月26日深夜，重庆市“燃气表跑得快”联合调查组通过接受当地媒体采访的方式，发布了有关本次事件的最终调查结果。目前该调查组共收到 “燃气表跑得快” 投诉4万多件，4月19日该市召开新闻发布会时，收到的投诉量为2.6万件。

该调查结果显示，目前共检定燃气表754只，只有2只表“转得快”；此外，调查组未发现加注气体设备，抽查26组天然气样品符合国家规定，未发现燃气企业大量购进、运输、使用氮气、氢气行为，且历史测试数据未发现添加氢气、空气和氮气情况。

此外，该调查还称，重庆市的智能燃气表无法通过远程或者芯片改写燃气表上的用气量。

4月26日发布的该信息，未提及导致本次多区县、大面积投诉“燃气表跑得快”的原因。该联合调查组在4月19日晚的发布会上曾称，当地涉事燃气企业存在错抄和违规估抄、燃气计费周期混乱、价格政策执行不到位、换表工作组织无序、工作力量严重不足、内部监督管理不到位等六大问题。

国内某款智能燃气膜式燃气表拆解图。 视频截图

燃气表整体质量可靠

该受访信息称，重庆市政府新闻办4月19日晚召开燃气调查情况新闻发布会后，该市市委、市政府要求联合调查组要切实站稳群众立场、维护群众利益，针对燃气领域市民反映的问题，持续进行全面细致专业的调查。目前调查工作已基本结束。

调查结果显示，截至4月25日，共检定燃气表754只，包含老式表143只、智能表611只。

其中，742只计量示值误差检定合格，合格率98.41%；12只计量示值误差检定不合格，不合格率1.59%，其中10只为示值负误差超差（显示用气量小于实际用气量，表现为“表转得慢”，老式表6只、智能表4只）、2只为示值正误差超差（显示用气量大于实际用气量，表现为“表转得快”，最大误差值5.98%，国家计量检定规程规定的最大允许误差为3%）。

这表明，本次742检定表中的2只表“多跑”，占比仅为0.26%。

该受访信息称，就抽检结果出现示值误差超差的原因，专家分析认为可能是燃气表在拆卸送检过程中承受了较大外力作用导致。从调查和抽检情况看，该市居民生活用燃气表按照国家法律法规要求，均经首次强制检定合格，整体质量可靠，存在极个别燃气表失准，但不会造成普遍的燃气计量失准问题。

未发现人为添加其他气体情况

该联合调查组4月19日在新闻发布会上曾称，该市将对燃气企业过去3年的燃气购销数据进行核查。

对于市民提出燃气中“掺杂了氢气、空气、氮气等，燃气的热值下降会导致用气量增加”的说法，4月26日晚发布的该受访信息称，天然气采用管道密闭系统输送，要掺混其他气体，只能在输配气站之类的场所利用专门设备、设施开展，联合调查组随机核查江北、渝北等4个区的10个居民小区及为其供气的7家供气站现场检查，未发现加注气体的设备设施。

随机抽检26组天然气样品开展成分分析，检测结果显示，其高位发热量、二氧化碳摩尔分数、总硫等关键指标均符合国家规定；同时，对燃气企业罐车活动轨迹、氮气氢气生产企业销售情况等进行调查，未发现该市燃气企业大量购进、运输、使用氮气、氢气的行为。

联合调查组还分析了重庆大学、重庆市化工研究院、重庆市计量质检院等高等院校、研究机构、检验机构对该市燃气的历史测试数据，未发现天然气中人为添加氢气、空气和氮气的情况。

此外，针对有市民反映重庆燃气集团天然气购销量存在差异的问题，专项审计调查结果表明：2022年1月至2024年3月该公司共购进燃气777662.14万方，其中居民用气270722.96万方，非居民用气506939.18万方；共销售燃气760769.08万方，其中居民用气311723.89万方（其中因居民用气采购指标不足，用非居民用气采购量51024.22万方贴补居民用气），非居民用气449045.19万方。

从调查情况看，该公司购进燃气量大于销售燃气量，天然气输差率为2.17%，符合国家有关规定要求。

无法远程或芯片改写用气量

该受访信息还称，针对市民质疑燃气公司远程操控燃气表读数作弊的问题，联合调查组组织专家在群众反映问题强烈的2个居民小区，随机抽取不同型号智能燃气表进行开表核查，未发现额外加装可以操控燃气表机械计数器读数的装置，不具备远程人工干预修改燃气表机械计数器读数的功能。

调查组抽取4000户用户近半年的燃气表读数和数据采集平台数据进行比对，结果显示相关数据一致，表显数据传输至平台过程中，无人为修改痕迹且平台不能修改。

从调查的情况看，目前该市居民生活用的智能燃气表由膜式燃气表（基表）与智能模块组成，基表完成燃气计量，智能模块为膜式燃气表附加装置，实现读数采集、远程控阀、数据远程传输功能，不参与燃气计量，无法通过远程或者芯片改写燃气表上的用气量。

表前小管没问题

该受访信息还称，针对市民质疑燃气表计量受输气气体压力、管径大小等影响读数的问题，联合调查组针对市民反映的相关问题，组织专家设计开展了膜式燃气表不同输入燃气压力、不同管道口径天然气实流误差实验等2个实验。

实验采取以天然气作为气体介质，串联不同厂家的新旧燃气表，分别在不同压力条件、不同口径管道条件下进行示值误差试验。实验结果表明，不同燃气压力、不同管道口径下燃气表示值误差波动均在±3%以内，符合国家计量检定规程的要求。

针对市民质疑燃气表“空转”的问题，联合调查组对近期群众通过12315、12345热线和企业受理反映燃气表“空转”的54家用户进行了全覆盖核查。

核实有漏气现象的20户（燃气公司已上门维修）、家中有恒温热水器之类的燃气设备启用的5户、上门核查确认未发生“空转”并获得认可的25户、户主暂未在市内无法上门核查的4户。

膜式燃气表的主要原理是采用膜片计量室方式来测量气体体积流量。燃气交替进入不同的计量室，推动计量室内的柔性膜片作往复式运动，通过转换机构将这一过程转换成相应的气体体积流量，并通过传动机构传递到计数器。如果用户家中没有用气，燃气表上机械计数器不会转动。从调查情况看，现实中认为的燃气表“空转”，通常是因为存在漏气现象，或者家中有恒温热水器、恒温锅炉、地暖等燃气设备开启。

居民用气毛利率9.38%，同比下降

针对有媒体报道“重庆燃气集团2023年第四季度净利润同比增长824%”，联合调查组委托重庆中鼎会计师事务所进驻重庆燃气集团有限公司开展的专项审计调查发现，重庆燃气集团2023年第四季度归属于上市公司股东的净利润（以下简称“净利润”）23597.31万元，同比增加21227.56万元，增长率895.77%。

该公司2023年第四季度净利润主要包括：一是为缓解疫情对工商业生产经营的影响，2022年11—12月对非居民用气延后2个月执行采暖季燃气销售价格。2023年11—12月对非居民用气恢复执行了采暖季销售价格政策，产生净利润9908.85万元，占净利润比例41.99%。二是出售转让下属公司非主业的自来水资产、参股企业等获取投资收益7429.55万元，占净利润比例31.48%。

三是根据会计准则和行业监管规定，延长管网折旧年限、减少计提资产减值损失等财务核算因素产生净利润2755.79万元，占净利润比例11.68%。四是剔除以上影响因素后，净利润为3503.11万元，占净利润比例14.85%，同比增加1133.36万元。

2022年第四季度居民燃气销售毛利率为9.48%，2023年第四季度居民燃气销售毛利率为9.38%，毛利率同比降低0.1个百分点。审计数据表明，2023年第四季度净利润大幅增长与居民燃气销售业务没有密切相关性。

目前，重庆燃气暂未公布今年的一季报。

提出保障市民权益五大举措

该受访信息还称，4月10日以来，通过投诉举报核查、后台数据比对、督促企业自查等方式，发现企业多计多收气费3837件，涉及气量1658905立方米，涉及金额3378971.64元，目前已督促企业清退处置完毕。

同时，前期立案调查的14件案件已调查终结，拟对相关企业处罚金1200万元，近日又新立案7件。下一步，该市将继续深挖彻查燃气领域违规违法线索，持续加大监管执法力度，坚决打击侵害人民群众利益的违法违规行为。

下一步，相关部门在保障市民权益、加强企业监管等方面，有何具体举措？

重庆市联合调查组负责人称，该市燃气企业出现燃气计量收费方面的问题，暴露出行业主管部门、监管部门还存在日常监管不到位、监管职责不清、执法力度不够、主动发现处置问题能力不足等。该市主管部门、监管部门将坚决站稳人民立场，对存在问题真改、实改、改到位，综合施策，强化监督检查，加大执法力度，坚决维护好广大市民的切身利益。

一是抓问题整改。对已接到的4万多件投诉举报以及后续投诉举报，有序安排全量核查、全面复盘、户户沟通、应退尽退。

二是抓监督管理。建立完善燃气行业监管履职清单和执法清单，细化市和区县两级监管执法责任，加密加大监管执法频次力度，综合运用行政指导、提醒告诫、案件查处等多种手段督促企业守法合规经营，严肃整治燃气行业计量、收费、垄断和不正当竞争等突出问题。

三是抓服务提升。实行“月抄、月清、月推”制度，每月抄表、每月清算，解决抄表周期混乱、阶梯气价计算混乱等问题。

四是抓机制建设。畅通投诉举报渠道，建立线上线下投诉、接诉、复核、任务分派、办理、结果反馈、用户评价闭环机制。对所有发生的投诉举报事件，督促燃气企业认真分析梳理处置，对反复发生、普遍存在的问题，通过流程再造、体制机制重构，闭环解决用户反映的问题。

五是抓执法震慑。聚焦重点领域、重点问题、重点对象，加强民生领域涉及侵害群众利益行为的执法，组织开展违法问题线索排查、核查、检查，采取提速办、提级办、联合办、专案办等方式，对违法违规的人和事依法依规严肃处理、严肃追责问责，通过查处一批违法案件、曝光一批典型案例，形成震慑、回应关切。同时，举一反三开展其他民生领域专项整治行动，坚决保障群众利益不受侵害。

新闻译文:

Reported by reporter Cheng Wei from Beijing

On the late night of April 26th, the joint investigation team of "Gas Meters Run Fast" in Chongqing released the final investigation results of the incident through an interview with local media. At present, the investigation team has received more than 40000 complaints about "gas meters running fast". When the city held a press conference on April 19th, the number of complaints received was 26000.

The survey results show that currently, a total of 754 gas meters have been calibrated, and only 2 meters are turning fast; In addition, the investigation team did not find any gas filling equipment, and randomly checked 26 groups of natural gas samples that met national regulations. No gas companies were found to purchase, transport, or use nitrogen or hydrogen in large quantities, and historical test data did not show any addition of hydrogen, air, or nitrogen.

In addition, the survey also stated that smart gas meters in Chongqing cannot remotely or chip rewrite the gas consumption on the gas meter.

The information released on April 26th did not mention the reasons for the widespread complaint of "gas meters running fast" in multiple districts and counties. The joint investigation team stated at a press conference on the evening of April 19th that there were six major problems with local gas companies involved, including incorrect and irregular estimation, chaotic gas billing cycles, inadequate implementation of price policies, disorderly organization of meter replacement work, serious lack of work force, and inadequate internal supervision and management.

Disassembled diagram of a domestic intelligent gas membrane gas meter. Video screenshot

The overall quality of the gas meter is reliable

According to the interviewed information, after the Chongqing Municipal government Information Office held a press conference on the gas investigation situation on the evening of April 19th, the municipal party committee and government requested the joint investigation team to effectively stand firm with the public and safeguard their interests. In response to the issues raised by citizens in the gas field, they will continue to conduct comprehensive, meticulous and professional investigations. At present, the investigation has basically ended.

The survey results show that as of April 25th, a total of 754 gas meters have been calibrated, including 143 old-fashioned meters and 611 smart meters.

Among them, 742 measuring indication errors passed the verification, with a pass rate of 98.41%; 12 measuring instruments failed to pass the error verification, with a failure rate of 1.59%. Among them, 10 instruments had a negative error exceeding the tolerance (indicating that the gas consumption was less than the actual gas consumption, indicating "slow meter rotation", with 6 old-fashioned instruments and 4 smart meters), and 2 instruments had a positive error exceeding the tolerance (indicating that the gas consumption was greater than the actual gas consumption, indicating "fast meter rotation", with a maximum error value of 5.98%, and the maximum allowable error specified by the national metrological verification regulations was 3%).

This indicates that the two meters in the 742 calibration table have "run multiple times", accounting for only 0.26%.

The interviewed information stated that the reason for the indication error exceeding the tolerance in the sampling results may be due to the fact that the gas meter was subjected to significant external forces during the dismantling and inspection process, according to expert analysis. From the investigation and sampling results, it can be seen that the residential gas meters in the city have passed the first mandatory calibration in accordance with national laws and regulations, and the overall quality is reliable. There are very few gas meters that are inaccurate, but it will not cause widespread gas measurement inaccuracies.

No artificial addition of other gases was found

The joint investigation team stated at a press conference on April 19th that the city will verify the gas purchase and sales data of gas companies over the past three years.

Regarding the statement made by citizens that "mixing hydrogen, air, nitrogen, etc. in gas will lead to an increase in gas consumption due to a decrease in the calorific value of gas", the interviewed information released on the evening of April 26 stated that natural gas is transported through a closed pipeline system, and other gases need to be mixed. Special equipment and facilities can only be used in places such as gas transmission and distribution stations. The joint investigation team randomly inspected 10 residential areas in four districts, including Jiangbei and Yubei, as well as 7 gas supply stations that supplied gas to them, and did not find any equipment or facilities for gas injection.

26 sets of natural gas samples were randomly selected for composition analysis, and the test results showed that key indicators such as high calorific value, CO2 molar fraction, and total sulfur all met national regulations; At the same time, a survey was conducted on the activity trajectory of gas tankers and the sales situation of nitrogen and hydrogen production enterprises in the city, and no behavior of gas enterprises purchasing, transporting, and using nitrogen and hydrogen in large quantities was found.

The joint investigation team also analyzed the historical test data of higher education institutions, research institutions, and inspection institutions such as Chongqing University, Chongqing Institute of Chemical Technology, and Chongqing Institute of Metrology and Quality Inspection on the city's gas, and did not find any artificially added hydrogen, air, or nitrogen in natural gas.

In addition, in response to the issue of citizens reporting differences in the purchase and sales of natural gas by Chongqing Gas Group, the results of a special audit investigation show that from January 2022 to March 2024, the company purchased a total of 7776.6214 million cubic meters of gas, including 27072296 million cubic meters of residential gas and 506.9918 million cubic meters of non residential gas; A total of 7607.6908 million cubic meters of gas were sold, including 311.7389 million cubic meters of residential gas (including 510.2422 million cubic meters of non residential gas purchased to supplement residential gas due to insufficient residential gas procurement indicators), and 4490.4519 million cubic meters of non residential gas.

From the investigation, it can be seen that the company has purchased more gas than sold gas, with a natural gas transmission difference rate of 2.17%, which meets the relevant national regulations.

Unable to remotely or chip rewrite gas consumption

The interviewed information also stated that in response to citizens questioning the issue of gas companies cheating on remote control of gas meter readings, a joint investigation team organized experts to randomly select different models of intelligent gas meters for meter opening verification in two residential areas with strong public feedback. No additional devices that can control the mechanical counter readings of gas meters were found, and there is no function of remote manual intervention to modify the mechanical counter readings of gas meters.

The investigation team compared the gas meter readings of 4000 users in the past six months with the data collected from the data collection platform, and the results showed that the relevant data was consistent. During the transmission of the meter data to the platform, there were no traces of human modification and the platform could not modify it.

From the investigation, it can be seen that the smart gas meters currently used by residents in the city are composed of membrane gas meters (base meters) and intelligent modules. The base meter completes gas metering, and the intelligent module is an additional device of the membrane gas meter, which realizes reading collection, remote valve control, and remote data transmission functions. It does not participate in gas metering and cannot be remotely or chip rewritten to read the gas consumption on the gas meter.

There is no problem with the small tube in front of the watch

The interviewed information also stated that in response to the question raised by citizens about the influence of gas pressure and pipe diameter on the reading of gas meters, a joint investigation team organized experts to design and carry out two experiments, including natural gas flow error experiments with different input gas pressures and different pipe diameters, based on the relevant issues raised by citizens.

The experiment adopts natural gas as the gas medium, connecting new and old gas meters from different manufacturers, and conducting indication error tests under different pressure conditions and different diameter pipeline conditions. The experimental results show that the fluctuation of gas indication error under different gas pressures and pipeline diameters is within ± 3%, which meets the requirements of the national metrological verification regulations.

In response to the issue of citizens questioning the "idling" of gas meters, the joint investigation team conducted a comprehensive verification of 54 users who reported the "idling" of gas meters through the 12315 and 12345 hotlines and enterprises recently.

20 households have been verified to have air leaks (gas companies have visited for repairs), 5 households have gas equipment such as thermostatic water heaters in use, 25 households have been confirmed to have not experienced idle operation and have been recognized through on-site inspections, and 4 households have not yet been able to conduct on-site inspections within the city.

The main principle of a membrane gas meter is to use a membrane metering chamber to measure the gas volume flow rate. Gas alternately enters different metering chambers, pushing the flexible diaphragm inside the chamber to move back and forth. This process is converted into the corresponding gas volume flow rate through a conversion mechanism, and transmitted to the counter through a transmission mechanism. If the user is not using gas at home, the mechanical counter on the gas meter will not rotate. From the investigation, it can be seen that in reality, the phenomenon of gas meters idling is usually due to gas leakage or the opening of gas equipment such as thermostatic water heaters, thermostatic boilers, and underfloor heating at home.

The gross profit margin of residential gas consumption is 9.38%, a year-on-year decrease

In response to media reports that Chongqing Gas Group's net profit in the fourth quarter of 2023 increased by 824% year-on-year, a joint investigation team commissioned Chongqing Zhongding Certified Public Accountants to conduct a special audit investigation in Chongqing Gas Group Co., Ltd. It was found that the net profit attributable to shareholders of the listed company in the fourth quarter of 2023 (hereinafter referred to as "net profit") was 235.9731 million yuan, an increase of 212.2756 million yuan year-on-year, with a growth rate of 895.77%.

The net profit of the company in the fourth quarter of 2023 mainly includes: firstly, in order to alleviate the impact of the epidemic on industrial and commercial production and operation, the sales price of heating season gas for non residential gas will be delayed by 2 months from November to December 2022. From November to December 2023, the heating season sales price policy was implemented to restore non residential gas consumption, resulting in a net profit of 990.885 million yuan, accounting for 41.99% of the net profit. The second is to sell and transfer non main tap water assets and equity participating enterprises of subsidiary companies to obtain investment income of 74.2955 million yuan, accounting for 31.48% of net profit.

Thirdly, in accordance with accounting standards and industry regulatory regulations, financial accounting factors such as extending the depreciation period of pipeline networks and reducing the provision of asset impairment losses resulted in a net profit of 27.5579 million yuan, accounting for 11.68% of the net profit. Fourthly, after excluding the above influencing factors, the net profit was 35.0311 million yuan, accounting for 14.85% of the net profit, an increase of 11.3336 million yuan year-on-year.

The gross profit margin of residential gas sales in the fourth quarter of 2022 was 9.48%, while the gross profit margin of residential gas sales in the fourth quarter of 2023 was 9.38%, a year-on-year decrease of 0.1 percentage points. Audit data shows that the significant increase in net profit in the fourth quarter of 2023 is not closely related to residential gas sales business.

At present, Chongqing Gas has not yet released its first quarter report for this year.

Propose five major measures to protect the rights and interests of citizens

The interviewed information also stated that since April 10th, through complaint reporting verification, backend data comparison, and self inspection by enterprises, it has been found that enterprises have overcharged 3837 gas fees, involving a gas volume of 1658905 cubic meters and an amount of 3378971.64 yuan. Currently, the enterprises have been urged to complete the clearance and disposal.

At the same time, 14 cases investigated in the early stage have been concluded, and it is planned to impose a fine of 12 million yuan on relevant enterprises. Recently, 7 new cases have been filed. Next, the city will continue to thoroughly investigate illegal clues in the gas industry, increase regulatory and law enforcement efforts, and resolutely crack down on illegal and irregular behaviors that infringe on the interests of the people.

What specific measures do the relevant departments take next in safeguarding the rights and interests of citizens and strengthening enterprise supervision?

The head of the Chongqing Joint Investigation Team stated that gas companies in the city have encountered problems with gas metering and charging, exposing the inadequate daily supervision, unclear regulatory responsibilities, insufficient law enforcement, and insufficient ability to proactively identify and handle problems among industry regulatory authorities and regulatory authorities. The competent and regulatory departments of the city will firmly stand on the people's position, make real, real, and effective improvements to existing problems, implement comprehensive policies, strengthen supervision and inspection, increase law enforcement efforts, and resolutely safeguard the vital interests of the general public.

One is to focus on rectifying problems. For over 40000 complaints and reports that have been received and subsequent complaints and reports, we will arrange for comprehensive verification, comprehensive review, household communication, and all refunds that should be made.

The second is to strengthen supervision and management. Establish and improve the regulatory performance list and law enforcement list for the gas industry, refine the regulatory and law enforcement responsibilities at the city and district/county levels, increase the frequency of regulatory and law enforcement efforts, comprehensively use various means such as administrative guidance, reminders and warnings, and case investigations to urge enterprises to operate in compliance with the law, and seriously rectify prominent problems in the gas industry such as measurement, charging, monopoly, and unfair competition.

The third is to focus on improving services. Implement a "monthly meter reading, monthly clearing, and monthly push" system, with monthly meter reading and monthly settlement to solve problems such as confusion in meter reading cycles and calculation of tiered gas prices.

The fourth is to focus on mechanism construction. Smooth complaint and reporting channels, establish a closed-loop mechanism for online and offline complaints, acceptance, review, task allocation, handling, result feedback, and user evaluation. For all complaints and reports that have occurred, urge gas companies to carefully analyze, sort out and handle them. For recurring and common problems, through process reengineering and institutional restructuring, closed-loop solutions will be provided to address user feedback.

The fifth is to strengthen law enforcement and deterrence. Focusing on key areas, key issues, and key targets, we will strengthen law enforcement in the field of people's livelihood related to acts that infringe on the interests of the people. We will organize and carry out investigations, verifications, and inspections of illegal clues, and adopt methods such as speeding up, upgrading, joint handling, and special case handling. Those who violate laws and regulations will be dealt with and held accountable in accordance with the law and regulations. By investigating and punishing a batch of illegal cases and exposing a batch of typical cases, we will form a deterrent and respond to concerns. At the same time, we will draw lessons from others and carry out special rectification actions in other areas of people's livelihood, resolutely ensuring that the interests of the people are not infringed upon.

重点词汇

• 重庆市 Chongqing ; CQ ; China's Chongqing Municipality

• 联合调查 joint investigation

• 调查结果 Survey results ; findings of investigation ; the outcome of an inquiry

• 调查组 Investigation Team ; CAIU ; SIU ; JACG ; IHIT ; Special Victims Unit

• 新闻发布会 press conference ; news conference

• 结果显示 search Results ; result ; Results display ; results suggest

• 国家规定 state regulations

• 大量购进 engross

• 测试数据 test data

句子成分分析：

Implement a "monthly meter reading, monthly clearing, and monthly push" system, [with monthly meter reading and 

monthly settlement] to solve problems (such as confusion) [in meter] reading cycles and calculation (of tiered gas prices).

句子语法结构详解：

* 本句为祈使句。

* implement 为谓语。

* 第1个 reading 为现在分词，作状语。