高考英语模拟试题阅读理解精选编讲第131篇——秒词邦背单词软件

Neil Jordan, a conservation biologist, has come up with a novel method for protecting cattle from African lions: paint eyes on their behinds. The lions will think their intended prey has seen them and will give up, since they’ve lost the element of surprise.

This psychological trickery has been called “iCow”, which is actually not as strange as it sounds. The eye-like patterns on butterfly wings are known to prevent preying birds and woodcutters in Indian forests wear masks on the backs of their heads when working to discourage hungry tigers.

The inspiration for the iCow strategy came while Jordan was based in a village in Botswana, when two lionesses were killed by local farmers to revenge their cattle’s death. The African lion is a vulnerable species, with numbers dropping from over 100,000 in the 1990s to about 30,000 today. Much of that decline is due to these kinds of revengeful killings because farmers have no effective strategies for protecting their herds.

“Lions are hunters that like to attack by surprise. They move slowly, quietly and carefully to their prey, get close and jump on them unseen,” he said. When Jordan was watching a lion follow an antelope one day, he noticed the lion gave up the hunt once the antelope spotted it.

So he joined one of the local farmers on a 10-week trial study, painting eyes on one-third of a herd of 62 cattle. When the cattle returned each night, they took a head count to see how many had survived. Only three cows were killed by lions during this period-all without the painted eyes on their behinds. And all the painted cows survived. However, Jordan warned that so far this is just a promising idea. He is now back in Botswana for a more ambitious study, armed with GPS devices to better monitor the movement of predators and prey.

保护生物学家尼尔·乔丹提出了一种保护牛免受非洲狮侵害的新方法：在牛的屁股上画眼睛。狮子会认为它们预定的猎物已经看到了它们，并会放弃，因为它们已经失去了惊喜的元素。

这种心理把戏被称为“iCow”，实际上并不像听起来那么奇怪。众所周知，蝴蝶翅膀上的眼睛状图案可以防止鸟类捕食，印度森林中的伐木工人在劝阻饥饿的老虎时，会在后脑勺戴上口罩。

iCow战略的灵感来源于约旦在博茨瓦纳的一个村庄，当时当地农民为了报复牛群的死亡杀死了两只母狮。非洲狮是一个脆弱的物种，数量从20世纪90年代的10多万只下降到今天的3万只左右。这种下降在很大程度上是由于这些报复性的杀戮，因为农民没有有效的策略来保护他们的牛群。

他说：“狮子是喜欢出其不意攻击的猎人。它们缓慢、安静、小心地靠近猎物，在看不见的情况下扑向猎物。”。有一天，当乔丹看着一只狮子跟着一只羚羊时，他注意到狮子一发现它就放弃了狩猎。

因此，他加入了当地一位农民的行列，进行了为期10周的试验研究，为62头牛中的三分之一画上了眼睛。当牛每天晚上回来时，他们都会清点牛的数量，看看有多少幸存下来。在这段时间里，只有三头牛被狮子杀死，它们的背后都没有画上眼睛。所有的彩绘奶牛都活了下来。然而，约旦警告说，到目前为止，这只是一个有希望的想法。他现在回到博茨瓦纳进行一项更雄心勃勃的研究，配备了GPS设备，可以更好地监测捕食者和猎物的运动。

句子成分分析：

Neil Jordan, <a conservation biologist>, has come up with a novel method [for protecting cattle from African lions]

句子语法结构详解：

(come 为过去分词，与其动词原形拼写相同。)

* a conservation biologist 为同位语
* come 为谓语，采用现在完成时。
* protecting 为动名词，作介词宾语。
* has 为助动词。a 为不定冠词。

句子相关词汇解释：

Phrase:

Vocabulary:

句子成分分析：

The lions will think | their intended prey has seen them and will give up, || since they've lost the element (of surprise).

句子语法结构详解：

(seen 为 see 的过去分词。lost 为 lose 的过去分词。they've = they have)

* think 为谓语，采用一般将来时。
* their 开头为宾语从句，引导词 that 被省略。
* seen 为谓语，采用现在完成时。
* give 为谓语，采用一般将来时。
* since 为连词，引导状语从句。
* lost 为谓语，采用现在完成时。
* will 为情态动词。they 为人称代词主格。them 为人称代词宾格。their 为形容词型物主代词。has, have 为助动词。the 为定冠词。

句子相关词汇解释：

Phrase:

Vocabulary:

句子成分分析：

When Jordan was watching a lion follow an antelope [one day], || he noticed | the lion gave up the-

hunt||once the antelope spotted it.

句子语法结构详解：

(gave 为 give 的过去式。)

* when 为连词，引导时间状语从句。
* watching 为谓语，采用一般过去进行时。
* follow 为不带 to 的不定式，作宾语补足语(或称复合宾语)。
* he 开头为陈述句。
* noticed 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* 第1个 the 开头为宾语从句，引导词 that 被省略。
* gave 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* once 引导状语从句。
* spotted 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* he 为人称代词主格。was 为助动词。the 为定冠词。a/an 为不定冠词。

句子相关词汇解释：

Phrase:

Vocabulary:

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