回来了，欧洲“迎回”俄罗斯，没人跟好日子过不去
回来了，欧洲“迎回”俄罗斯，没人跟好日子过不去
据报道，欧盟统计局的数据显示，今年9月份，俄罗斯再次成为欧盟的主要天然气供应国，份额达到了23.7%，接近四分之一。
这种情况，是2022年春季以来的第一次。
众所周知，美国拜登政府挑动俄乌冲突爆发，之后强迫欧洲与俄罗斯经济脱钩，能源就是最重要方面。美国2021年对欧盟的天然气出口量仅约220亿立方米。但冲突爆发后，2022年全年就达到700亿立方米，2023年又增加了257亿立方米，接近1000亿立方米！
美国这个天然气阳谋，看起来成效显著，但事实证明，欧洲确实离不开俄罗斯的能源。
当前情况下，俄罗斯天然气又回归欧盟市场，又一次成了欧盟主要的天然气供应国。
2024年1月至10月，俄向欧洲出口的管道天然气量，同比增长超过15%，出口量达到265.2亿立方米。
俄罗斯和欧盟
没有什么能够阻挡
欧盟提供的数据显示，今年9月份，从俄罗斯进口的天然气，大约40%是液化天然气，60%是经营管道天然气。
管道天然气，就是通过包括“北溪”管道在内的各种管道向欧洲输送的天然气。
这曾经是俄欧天然气贸易的主要方式，因为管道天然气的成本低，不需要先液化再气化，采出来之后直接通过管道输送。
在欧俄闹翻之后，欧洲一直在从俄罗斯进口天然气，但比例发生了很大的变化，大部分进口的都是液化天然气，在此期间，俄罗斯一直是欧盟液化天然气的主要供应国。
现在管道天然气的比例提高了，说明欧俄之间的天然气贸易正在恢复到正常时期，即以管道天然气为主，液化天然气为辅的模式。
在正常时期，这两者的比例为2:1，三分之二的天然气通过管道运输，三分之一的天然气液化之后通过特殊的船只运输。
欧盟和俄罗斯
为什么又把俄罗斯迎回来了？
在俄乌冲突尚未结束的情况下，俄罗斯为何能够恢复其在欧盟的天然气供应地位？
必须承认的是，俄罗斯天然气在全球能源体系中的重要性依然不容忽视。
欧盟在短期内虽然通过能源多元化、加大液化天然气的进口来降低对俄罗斯的依赖，但这种多元化的进程远比预期的要困难。
欧洲本来寄希望于美国能够弥补俄罗斯天然气的缺口，尤其是在美国增加向欧洲出口天然气的同时。然而，这一策略却未能完全奏效。
美国天然气的价格高昂，且运输距离远，造成了欧洲在短期内对美国天然气的依赖并没有想象中的那么大。
2024年，欧洲在美国液化天然气的进口上依然面临着高成本和供应稳定性的挑战。而俄罗斯，凭借着地理位置的优势和较低的供应成本，再次进入了欧盟的视野。
美国总统拜登
拜登失算了
拜登挑起俄乌冲突的一个主要目的，就是迫使欧洲和俄罗斯能源脱钩，这样不仅能打击俄罗斯的经济基础，还能将美国的液化天然气以更高的价格出售给欧洲国家，替代俄罗斯的能源供应。
现在的事实证明，这一战略并没有达到预期的效果。
虽然美国天然气出口量在增加，但价格却远高于俄罗斯的天然气，欧洲国家无法承受长期的高价能源负担。尤其是对于一些东欧国家来说，美国天然气的价格甚至是不可接受的。
这一系列的能源博弈暴露了欧洲和美国在能源领域的系统性问题。对于欧洲来说，能源转型的步伐远没有想象中的迅速。
而美国的能源市场虽然强大，但高昂的能源成本和对外供应的依赖，使得美国的能源出口并没有完全替代俄罗斯对欧洲市场的影响力。
Coming back, Europe welcomes Russia back, no one can't live a good life
According to reports, data from the European Statistical Office shows that in September of this year, Russia once again became the main natural gas supplier to the European Union, with a share of 23.7%, nearly a quarter.
This situation is the first time since the spring of 2022.
As we all know, the Biden administration of the United States instigated the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, and then forced Europe to decouple from Russia's economy. energy is the most important aspect. The natural gas exports from the United States to the European Union in 2021 were only about 22 billion cubic meters. But after the conflict broke out, it reached 70 billion cubic meters for the whole year of 2022, and an additional 25.7 billion cubic meters in 2023, approaching 100 billion cubic meters!
The natural gas scheme of the United States may seem to be effective, but it has been proven that Europe cannot do without Russia's energy.
In the current situation, Russian natural gas has returned to the EU market and once again become the main natural gas supplier to the EU.
From January to October 2024, Russia's pipeline natural gas exports to Europe increased by over 15% year-on-year, with an export volume of 26.52 billion cubic meters.
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Russia and the European Union
Nothing can stop it
According to data provided by the European Union, approximately 40% of the natural gas imported from Russia in September this year was liquefied natural gas, and 60% was pipeline operated natural gas.
Pipeline natural gas refers to the natural gas transported to Europe through various pipelines, including the Nord Stream pipeline.
This used to be the main way of natural gas trade between Russia and Europe, because pipeline natural gas has low costs and does not require liquefaction and gasification first. After being extracted, it is directly transported through pipelines.
After the falling out between Europe and Russia, Europe has been importing natural gas from Russia, but the proportion has changed significantly, with the majority of imports being liquefied natural gas. During this period, Russia has been the main supplier of liquefied natural gas to the European Union.
The proportion of pipeline natural gas has increased now, indicating that natural gas trade between Europe and Russia is returning to a normal period, with pipeline natural gas as the main source and liquefied natural gas as a supplement.
In normal times, the ratio of the two is 2:1, with two-thirds of natural gas transported through pipelines and one-third liquefied and transported by special ships.
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EU and Russia
Why did you bring Russia back again?
Why can Russia restore its natural gas supply status in the EU when the Russia-Ukraine conflict has not ended?
It must be acknowledged that the importance of Russian natural gas in the global energy system cannot be ignored.
Although the EU has reduced its dependence on Russia in the short term by diversifying its energy sources and increasing imports of liquefied natural gas, the process of such diversification is far more difficult than expected.
Europe originally hoped that the United States could fill the gap in Russian natural gas, especially as the United States increased its exports of natural gas to Europe. However, this strategy was not fully effective.
The high price and long transportation distance of natural gas in the United States have resulted in Europe's short-term dependence on American natural gas not being as great as imagined.
In 2024, Europe still faces challenges of high costs and supply stability in importing liquefied natural gas from the United States. And Russia, with its geographical advantage and lower supply costs, has once again entered the vision of the European Union.
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US president Biden
Biden miscalculated
One of Biden's main purposes in provoking the Russia-Ukraine conflict is to force the decoupling of European and Russian energy, which can not only hit Russia's economic foundation, but also sell American LNG to European countries at a higher price, replacing Russia's energy supply.
The current facts have proven that this strategy has not achieved the expected results.
Although the export volume of natural gas from the United States is increasing, the price is much higher than that of natural gas from Russia, and European countries cannot afford the long-term high energy burden. Especially for some Eastern European countries, the price of natural gas in the United States is even unacceptable.
This series of energy games has exposed systemic issues in the energy sector between Europe and the United States. For Europe, the pace of energy transition is far from as rapid as imagined.
Although the energy market in the United States is strong, the high cost of energy and dependence on external supply have prevented American energy exports from completely replacing Russia's influence in the European market.
1. According to reports, data from the European Statistical Office shows that in September of this year, Russia once again became the main natural gas supplier to the European Union, with a share of 23.7%, nearly a quarter.
句子成分分析：
[According to reports], data (from the European Statistical Office) shows | that [in September (of this year)], Russia [once again] became the main natural gas supplier [to the European Union], [with a share (of 23.7%)], nearly a quarter.
句子语法结构详解：
(became 为 become 的过去式。)
* shows 为谓语，采用一般现在时。动词采用第三人称单数形式。
* that 为连词，引导宾语从句。
* became 为系动词作谓语，采用一般过去时。
* supplier 为名词作表语。
* the 为定冠词。a 为不定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
| according to | 根据，据（某人）所述 |
| this year | 今年 |
| once again | 再次 |
| natural gas | 天然气 |
| the European Union | 欧洲联盟 |
Vocabulary:
| report [ri'pɔ:t] | n. | 1) 报告，汇报，记述 2) 报道 |
| data ['deitә] | n. | 数据；资料，材料 |
| European [,juәrә'pi:әn] | a. | 1) 欧洲的 2) 欧洲人的 |
| statistical [stә'tistikl] | a. | 统计的, 统计上的, 统计学的 |
| office ['ɔfis] | n. | 1) 办公室，办公楼 2) 诊室，门诊处 |
| show [ʃәu] | vt. | 1) 显示出，流露出（情感、表情等） 2) 表明，显示, 证明 |
| September [sep'tembә] | n. | 九月 |
| Russia ['rʌʃә] | n. | 俄罗斯 |
| become [bi'kʌm] | vt. | 1) 变得，变成 2) 适合（某人），（与……）相称 |
| main [mein] | a. | 主要的，最重要的 |
| supplier [sә'plaiә] | n. | 供应者；供货商；供货方 |
| share [ʃєә] | n. | 1) 股份 2) 一份 |
| nearly ['niәli] | ad. | 几乎; 差不多 |
| a quarter | 四分之一 |
句子相关学习点：
2. As we all know, the Biden administration of the United States instigated the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, and then forced Europe to decouple from Russia's economy.
句子成分分析：
As we all know, || the Biden administration (of the United States) instigated the outbreak (of the Russia-Ukraine conflict), and [then] forced Europe to decouple [from Russia's economy].
句子语法结构详解：
* as 为连词，引导状语从句。
* all 为同位语
* know 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* 第1个 the 开头为陈述句。
* instigated 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* forced 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* to decouple 为不定式，作后置定语。
* we 为人称代词主格。all 为不定代词。Russia's 为名词所有格。the 为定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
| the United States | 美国 |
Vocabulary:
| all [ɔ:l] | pron | 全部, 全数, 一切 |
| administration [әd,mini'streiʃәn] | n. | 1) （企业、学校等的）管理，行政 2) 施行，执行 |
| instigate ['instigeit] | vt. | 1) 使（正式）开始；使发生 2) 煽动；唆使；鼓动 |
| outbreak ['autbreik] | n. | （暴力、疾病等坏事的）爆发，突然发生 |
| conflict ['kɔnflikt] | n. | 1) 冲突，争执，争论 2) (军事)冲突，战斗 |
| then [ðen] | ad. | 1) 然后 2) 那时,这时, 当时 |
| force [fɔ:s] | vt. | 1) 强迫，迫使（某人做某事） 2) 用力，强行（把……移动） |
| Europe ['juәrәp] | n. | 欧洲 |
| decouple | vt. | (使两事物)分离，隔断 |
| Russia ['rʌʃә] | n. | 俄罗斯 |
| economy [i'kɔnәmi] | n. | 1) 经济，经济状况 2) 经济体 |
句子相关学习点：
3. But after the conflict broke out, it reached 70 billion cubic meters for the whole year of 2022, and an additional 25.7 billion cubic meters in 2023, approaching 100 billion cubic meters!
句子成分分析：
But after the conflict broke out, || it reached 70 billion cubic meters [for the whole year (of 2022), and an additional 25.7 billion cubic meters] [in 2023], approaching 100 billion cubic meters!
句子语法结构详解：
(broke 为 break 的过去式。)
* after 为连词，引导时间状语从句。
* broke 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* it 开头为陈述句。
* reached 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* approaching 为现在分词，作状语。
* the 为定冠词。an 为不定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
| break out | 突然发生, 爆发 |
Vocabulary:
| but [bʌt] | conj. | 1) 但是 2) 而, 却 |
| after ['ɑ:ftә] | conj. | (时间上)在...之后 |
| conflict ['kɔnflikt] | n. | 1) 冲突，争执，争论 2) (军事)冲突，战斗 |
| reach [ri:tʃ] | vt. | 1) 达到,提升到,进入(新水平/阶段) 2) 到达, 抵达（某地,某点位） |
| cubic ['kju:bik] | a. | 1) 立方的 2) 用立方单位度量（或表示）的 |
| meter ['mi:tә] | n. | 1) 米，公尺 2) 表,仪,计,计量表,计量器 |
| whole [hәul] | a. | 1) （强调大小或重要性）整个的，全部的 2) 全部的，整体的，完全的，所有的 |
| year [jiә] | n. | 1) 年 2) 一年时间 |
| and [ænd] | conj. | 1) 和, 与, 同, 并 2) 然后，接着 |
| additional [ә'diʃәnәl] | a. | 外加的，附加的，额外的 |
| approach [ә'prәutʃ] | vt. | 1) 靠近，接近(某处） 2) 接近（某水平或数额） |
句子相关学习点：
arrive, reach 和 get 的区别 in 和 after 后接时间的区别 现在分词作状语和不定式作状语的区别
4. Although the energy market in the United States is strong, the high cost of energy and dependence on external supply have prevented American energy exports from completely replacing Russia's influence in the European market.
句子成分分析：
Although the energy market (in the United States) is strong, || the high cost (of energy) and dependence (on external supply) have prevented American energy exports from completely replacing Russia's influence [in the European market].
句子语法结构详解：
* although 为连词，引导让步状语从句。
* is 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* strong 为形容词作表语。
* 第3个 the 开头为陈述句。
* prevented 为谓语，采用现在完成时。
* completely replacing 为动名词，作介词宾语。
* have 为助动词。Russia's 为名词所有格。the 为定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
| the United States | 美国 |
| prevent...from doing sth | 阻止...做某事, 防止...做某事 |
Vocabulary:
| although [ɔ:l'ðəu] | conj. | 1) 虽然; 尽管; 即使 2) 然而; 可是 |
| energy ['enәdʒi] | n. | 1) 能量 2) 干劲，精力 |
| market ['mɑ:kit] | n. | 1) 市场，集市，商场 2) 交易，买卖，交易量 |
| strong [strɔŋ] | a. | 1) 强壮的 2) 强的，强劲的 |
| high [hai] | a. | 1) 高的 2) 有某高度的 |
| cost [kɔst] | n. | 1) 花费，费用 2) 成本 |
| and [ænd] | conj. | 1) 和, 与, 同, 并 2) 然后，接着 |
| dependence [di'pendәns] | n. | 1) （生存或成功必需的）依靠依赖，依存 2) 毒瘾；酒瘾 |
| external [ik'stә:nl] | a. | 1) 外部的，外面的 2) 外界的，外来的，在外的 |
| supply [sә'plai] | n. | 1) 补给，供应 2) 储备量，供应量 |
| American [ә'merikәn] | a. | 1) 美国的 2) 美洲的 |
| export ['ekspɔ:t] | n. | 1) 出口，输出 2) 出口产品 |
| completely [kәm'pli:tli] | ad. | 彻底地；完全地；完整地 |
| replace [ri'pleis] | vt. | 1) 代替，取代 2) （用……）替换，（以……)接替 |
| Russia ['rʌʃә] | n. | 俄罗斯 |
| influence ['influәns] | n. | 1) 影响，作用 2) 支配力，控制力，影响力 |
| European [,juәrә'pi:әn] | a. | 1) 欧洲的 2) 欧洲人的 |
句子相关学习点：
cost, spend, take 的区别 American, Chinese, Japanese 等词之前冠词的用法
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