中国足球，这次创造了历史

近日，中国足协原主席陈戌源、原副主席于洪臣、国足原主教练李铁等“足球蛀虫”案件先后开庭审理。

与此同时，3月28日，中国足协发布《关于聘请足球社会监督员的通告》，拟面向全国新闻媒体、球迷组织公开聘请，并邀请赛区所在地的纪检监察代表、人大和政协代表作为足球社会监督员参与监督工作。

社会足球监督员，能成为有效监管足球的“另一双眼”吗？

中国足协宣布面向社会聘请足球社会监督员

曾经，谁在监督中国足球

中国新闻周刊了解到，历史上中国足协从未面向社会公开聘请社会监督员，本次发布《通告》系历史首创。

此外，《通知》明确写清，足球监督员的工作是公益性活动，不拿报酬，也确保了监督员的“第三方”属性，避免了“自己监督自己”的尴尬。

此前，中国足协完全没有社会力量参与监督吗？

一位退休的中国足协原新闻委员会委员对中国新闻周刊表示，历史上中国足协曾选派过新闻委员会成员前赴赛区进行过相关的监督工作，其他一些关注度大的项目也有过类似工作安排。

“上世纪90年代，王俊生执掌中国足球时期的甲A联赛，中国足协下设的新闻委员会就曾经选派过一些人员，去担任赛时的场外监督。”

该前任委员介绍，中国足协新闻委员会的成员，主要来自各大新闻媒体，具体的监督工作，则是查看赛区的相关布置，检查比赛相关流程是否到位完善，但很难具体、深入涉及足球领域的“腐败”与“假球黑哨”相关问题。

该前任委员还坦言：“仅靠媒体监督是远远不够的。”在他看来，新闻媒体，尤其是足球记者虽然接近足球圈的业内人士，能比普通人掌握到更多的内幕信息，但很难获取“落到纸面上”的证据。

“曾经某些比赛前，一些关于最终比分、人员使用，甚至红黄牌的‘小道消息’在耳边流传，随后确实能在现实的球赛中一一印证。”该人士回忆，“即便如此，更多的则是不足为信的‘荒信儿’，对于严肃的新闻媒体而言，如果进行相关报道，没有‘实锤证据’是不行的。”

1998年，足球媒体《羊城体育》公开撰文称知名足球裁判陆俊吹罚比赛收受“黑金”，后被陆俊起诉。由于证据不足，《羊城体育》输掉了官司，并赔偿陆俊8万元精神损失费。

中国足坛昔日“金哨”陆俊曾接受法律制裁。图/视觉中国

“这样的情形下，长期以来，媒体对于足球领域的监督，很容易浅尝辄止，不够深入、彻底。现实中，部分媒体与足球领域的相关俱乐部、单位有着错综复杂的‘共生’关系。如何打破这一局面，也需要更深入的思考。”该前任委员表示。

靠球迷能监督什么？

中国足协相关通告显示，监督员的第二大群体为各大组织中的球迷。

对此，首都体育学院原院长钟秉枢对中国新闻周刊点评道，中国足协本次向社会公开聘请足球监督员，在足球改革新征程中引入群众监督的力量，这一举措要予以充分肯定。

钟秉枢认为，群众的监督作用，过往在足球工作中体现得不够，“若球迷的监督作用能和足协的实际工作有机结合起来，对未来足球事业发展大有裨益。”

关心热爱中国足球的球迷中，“退钱哥”何胜是被广大球迷推荐应聘社会足球监督员的知名球迷之一。在拥戴之下，何胜也在社交平台公开宣布，报名参加足球监督员应聘。

何胜对中国新闻周刊表示，“如果有幸选上，为中国足球做一点力所能及的事情，一定尽心尽力，不随波逐流。”

何胜表示，自己目前是个“个体球迷”，尚未挂靠在任何一个省份或者国家队的球迷组织下面，如果参与应聘，肯定首先还是要按流程解决身份问题。

“我也在思考，如果应聘足球监督员成功，自己到底可以在哪些场景下行使一些相关的监督权？”何胜说，“我猜想，比如说一些足球赛事的抽签活动，现场计票、唱票、监票等，可能会需要监督员来参与。另外，一些足球行业的内部会议可能也会有旁听的机会。”

“退钱哥”何胜 图/何胜微博

“但事实上，我更希望的是中国足球的各项工作，在各领域监督员的监督下，进一步达成信息公开、透明。”何胜认为，“只要是信息不透明不对称，就很可能在内外部、社会上造成广泛的误解。”

同时，何胜表示，除了工作流程、政策出台要透明，资金的使用更是如此。“例如各俱乐部与中国足协产生的相关费用，各赞助商对于各级国家队、青少年足球的赞助费用等，都需要能接受全社会检验，并且经得起考验。”

“我认为，媒体以及球迷组织，或许很难像公安、纪检部门那样，直接找到什么腐败、假球的实际证据，但现在是社交媒体时代，无论是专业的媒体人，还是球迷，针对一些疑似的、潜在的问题，可以持续通过网络发声，这样有助于推动相关问题的探讨、解决。”

何胜认为，中国足球工作好的一面，也不要忽视，同样需要全社会广泛传播。“例如中国足协今年在联赛开始前表示，将从2024赛季起建立裁判‘黑名单’制度，同时就重大争议判罚进行评议，结果向社会公开。我认为这项工作的推动，就非常符合球迷的预期。”

正如何胜的期待，4月3日晚，中国足协官方公布了上轮联赛的裁判评议结果。在共有5家俱乐部提出的相关争议判罚中，中国足协承认，其中4个是错判、漏判。

要知道，在过去如果出现类似争议判罚，中国足协非但不会回应、认错，反而还会通过一些发声渠道进行“狡辩”，引发业界更大的不满情绪。而今，中国足协这种“开诚布公”的举措和态度，收获了足球业内外的广泛赞誉。

增设操纵体育比赛罪？

与此同时，中国足协在通告中还提到了重要的三类人群，即纪检监察部门代表、人大和政协代表。这三类代表，将由中国足球协会向联赛赛区所在城市相关部门邀请。

广东卓建律师事务所文娱体育法律研究中心主任丁涛律师认为，各地纪检监察人员提升足球各项监督工作的参与度，对于足坛潜在的“假赌黑”形成的震慑效应最大。

此前，中央广播电视总台纪录片《持续发力纵深推进》第四集《一体推进“三不腐”》中，对于国足原主教练李铁曾经涉及的假球、操纵比赛行为有直接、具体的揭露。

事实上，在李铁率领河北华夏幸福一路踢假球升级中超的过程中，当时足球业内并非没有察觉。大连球迷协会曾专门召开新闻发布会，公开举报河北华夏幸福俱乐部，原大连一方队总经理石雪清曾专程赶到北京，希望能够向时任中国足协副主席，主管联赛事务的于洪臣当面提交举报材料。

结果，举报一事因为各种原因，最终不了了之。

时隔多年，随着纪检监察部门、公安部门的强势介入，通过李铁“以点带面”，足球蛀虫们很快就被一网打尽。

采访中，不少受访人士认为，中国足协既然想要最大限度地杜绝足球业内的违法违规行为，就必须同步加大纪检部门巡查，和公安机关的执法力度，以形成强有力的“反腐防线”。

“党纪层面，除了纪检监察部门推动针对足球领域党员干部的‘机动式巡视’应该常态化外，中国足协邀请各地赛区纪检监察人士加入到监督队伍中，畅通相关线索问题的反映渠道，涉及利益往来的，若能协调公安部门及时介入处理，这对于可能有违法违规行为的足球从业者，震慑作用最大。”丁涛表示。

此外，丁涛还认为，人大代表和政协代表则可能通过参与监督，有效参与到足球、体育的相关法律法规建设中来。

事实上，今年全国两会中，全国人大代表、国家体育总局副局长刘国永建议增设“操纵体育比赛罪”立法条款，就很有建设性、前瞻性，在社会和球迷群体中引发强烈反响。

刘国永此前在采访中介绍，目前操纵体育比赛现象已呈现多元特征：操纵体育比赛范围的扩大化、操纵体育比赛主体的团伙化、操纵体育比赛方式的多样化、操纵体育比赛形式的隐蔽化。

与此同时，目前我国《刑法》中，缺乏专门规制操纵体育比赛的规定。对于此类行为，实践中多以贿赂、赌博相紧密联系的受贿罪、非国家工作人员受贿罪、赌博罪等传统罪名定罪处罚。上述传统罪名存在无法实现对操纵体育比赛行为的完全评价问题。因此有必要设立专门的法律条款，由更专业的人员介入调查取证，保证体育比赛的公平公正。

丁涛认为，刘国永副局长提出的建议讲出了不少球迷的心声，也借鉴了世界上很多体育发达国家的规定，非常值得点赞。丁涛则从法律层面进一步补充表示：“如今操纵体育比赛，影响比赛秩序行为种类繁多，手段隐蔽。有些比赛操纵涉及权钱交易，有些则是违反‘体育诚信’，结合刑法的谦抑性，相关行为的认定和评价，罪名增设需要体育界、司法专家不断结合实际充分探讨、论证。理想情形下，如能对各类操纵比赛的行为准确划分，则有助于行政主管机关、行业协会、司法机关制定不同策略，对具体行为实施精准打击。有理由相信，各方有识之士集纳智慧，足球、体育相关的法律法规建设一定会不断完善。”

作者：叶珠峰

新闻译文：

Chinese football, this time creating history

Recently, the former chairman of the Chinese Football Association, Chen Xuyuan, former vice chairman, Yu Hongchen, and former head coach of the Chinese Football Association, Li Tie, and other cases of "football borers" have been heard in court.

At the same time, on March 28th, the Chinese Football association issued a notice on hiring football social supervisors, intending to publicly hire them to national news media and fan organizations, and inviting representatives from disciplinary inspection and supervision, the National People's Congress, and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference in the location of the competition area to participate in the supervision work as football social supervisors.

Can social football supervisors become the "other eyes" for effectively regulating football?

The Chinese Football Association announces the recruitment of football social supervisors to the public

Who used to supervise Chinese football

China News Weekly learned that the Chinese Football Association has never publicly hired social supervisors in history, and this announcement is the first in history.

In addition, the Notice clearly states that the work of football supervisors is a public welfare activity and does not receive remuneration, which also ensures the "third-party" nature of supervisors and avoids the embarrassment of "self supervision".

Previously, did the Chinese Football Association have no social force to participate in supervision?

A retired member of the former News Committee of the Chinese Football Association told China Newsweek that in history, the Chinese Football Association has sent members of the News Committee to the competition area for relevant supervision work, and other projects with high attention have also had similar work arrangements.

"In the 1990s, when Wang Junsheng was in charge of the Chinese Football Association's Jia A League, the news committee under the Chinese Football Association once selected some personnel to serve as off field supervisors during matches."

The former member introduced that the members of the News Committee of the Chinese Football Association mainly come from major news media. The specific supervision work is to inspect the relevant arrangements of the competition area and check whether the relevant processes of the game are in place and complete. However, it is difficult to specifically and deeply address the issues related to "corruption" and "match fixing and black whistle" in the football field.

The former committee member also admitted that "relying solely on media supervision is far from enough." In his view, although news media, especially football journalists, are close to industry insiders in the football industry and can have more insider information than ordinary people, it is difficult to obtain evidence that "falls on paper.".

"Before certain matches, some 'rumors' about the final score, personnel usage, and even red and yellow cards were circulating in our ears, and they could indeed be confirmed one by one in real football matches." The person recalled, "Even so, more of them were untrustworthy' untrustworthy '. For serious news media, if they conducted relevant reports, it was not possible without' solid evidence '."

In 1998, the football media "Yangcheng Sports" publicly wrote an article claiming that well-known football referee Lu Jun had received "black gold" in a penalty match, and was later sued by Lu Jun. due to insufficient evidence, Yangcheng Sports lost the lawsuit and compensated Lu Jun with 80000 yuan in mental damages.

Chinese football's former "golden whistle" Lu Jun once faced legal sanctions. Image/Visual China

"In this situation, for a long time, the media's supervision of the football field has been easy to superficial and not thorough enough. In reality, some media have complex 'symbiotic' relationships with relevant clubs and units in the football field. How to break this situation also requires more in-depth thinking," said the former committee member.

What can fans supervise?

According to relevant notices from the Chinese Football Association, the second largest group of supervisors is fans from various organizations.

Regarding this, Zhong Bingshu, former president of Capital Sports University, commented on China Newsweek that the Chinese Football Association has publicly hired football supervisors to introduce the power of mass supervision in the new journey of football reform. This measure should be fully recognized.

Zhong Bingshu believes that the supervisory role of the masses has not been fully reflected in football work in the past. "If the supervisory role of fans can be organically combined with the actual work of the Football Association, it will be of great benefit to the future development of football."

Among fans who care about and love Chinese football, "refund brother" He Sheng is one of the well-known fans recommended by the majority of fans to apply for the position of social football supervisor. Under the support, He Sheng also publicly announced on social media that he had applied for the position of football supervisor.

He Sheng told China Newsweek, "If you are fortunate enough to be selected and do something to the best of your ability for Chinese football, you will do your best and not go with the flow."

He Sheng stated that he is currently an "individual fan" and has not yet been affiliated with any fan organization in any province or national team. If he participates in the job application, he must first solve the identity problem according to the process.

"I am also thinking about in what scenarios can I exercise some relevant supervisory powers if I successfully apply for a football supervisor position?" He Sheng said, "I speculate that for example, in some football draw activities, on-site vote counting, singing, and monitoring, supervisors may be required to participate. In addition, some internal meetings in the football industry may also have the opportunity to attend."

"Refund Brother" He Shengtu/He ShengWeibo

"But in fact, what I hope for more is that various aspects of Chinese football work, under the supervision of supervisors in various fields, can further achieve information openness and transparency." He Sheng believes that "as long as information is opaque and asymmetric, it is likely to cause widespread misunderstandings both internally and externally, as well as in society."

At the same time, He Sheng stated that in addition to transparency in workflow and policy formulation, the use of funds is even more so. "For example, the related expenses incurred by various clubs and the Chinese Football Association, as well as the sponsorship fees for national teams and youth football at all levels by sponsors, need to be able to withstand the scrutiny of the whole society and withstand the test."

"I believe that it may be difficult for the media and fan organizations to directly find actual evidence of corruption and match fixing like the public security and disciplinary departments do. However, in the current era of social media, whether professional media professionals or fans, they can continue to voice their opinions on suspected and potential issues through the internet, which can help promote the exploration and resolution of related issues."

He Sheng believes that the good side of Chinese football work should not be ignored, and it also needs to be widely disseminated throughout society. "For example, before the start of the league this year, the Chinese Football Association stated that it would establish a 'blacklist' system for referees starting from the 2024 season, and at the same time, evaluate major controversial decisions, and make the results publicly available. I believe that the promotion of this work is very in line with the expectations of fans."

In anticipation of winning, on the evening of April 3rd, the Chinese Football Association officially announced the referee evaluation results of the previous round of the league. Among the controversial judgments raised by five clubs, the Chinese Football Association admitted that four of them were incorrect or missed judgments.

It should be noted that in the past, if there were similar controversial judgments, the Chinese Football Association not only did not respond or admit their mistakes, but also used some channels of voice to engage in "sophistry", causing greater dissatisfaction in the industry. Nowadays, the Chinese Football Association's "open and honest" measures and attitude have received widespread praise from both inside and outside the football industry.

Add the crime of manipulating sports competitions?

At the same time, the Chinese Football Association also mentioned three important groups of people in the notice, namely representatives from disciplinary inspection and supervision departments, representatives from the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. These three types of representatives will be invited by the Chinese Football Association to relevant departments in the cities where the league matches are located.

Lawyer Ding Tao, director of the Cultural and Sports Legal Research center at Guangdong Zhuojian law Firm, believes that increasing the participation of disciplinary inspection and supervision personnel in various aspects of football supervision has the greatest deterrent effect on the potential "fake gambling black" in football.

Previously, in the fourth episode of the documentary "Continuously Advancing in Depth" by China central Television, titled "Integrated Promotion of the Three Non Corruption", there was a direct and specific exposure of the match fixing and manipulation behavior that former head coach of the Chinese national football team, Li Tie, had been involved in.

In fact, during the process of Li Tie leading Hebei Huaxia happiness to play fake matches and upgrade to the Chinese Super League, the football industry was not unaware at that time. The Dalian Football Association once held a press conference to publicly report Hebei Huaxia Happiness Club. The former general manager of Dalian First Team, Shi Xueqing, had rushed to Beijing specifically, hoping to submit the report materials to Yu Hongchen, the then Vice Chairman of the Chinese Football Association and in charge of league affairs.

As a result, the matter of reporting was ultimately abandoned for various reasons.

After many years, with the strong intervention of the disciplinary inspection and supervision department and the public security department, Li Tie quickly caught all the football bugs by "using points to cover".

In interviews, many interviewees believe that if the Chinese Football Association wants to maximize the elimination of illegal and irregular behaviors in the football industry, it must simultaneously increase the inspection of disciplinary inspection departments and the law enforcement efforts of public security organs to form a strong "anti-corruption defense line".

"At the party discipline level, in addition to the disciplinary inspection and supervision departments promoting the normalization of 'mobile inspections' targeting party members and cadres in the football field, the Chinese Football Association invites disciplinary inspection and supervision personnel from various regions to join the supervision team, facilitating channels for reporting relevant clues and issues. If interests are involved, if the public security department can coordinate to intervene in a timely manner, this will have the greatest deterrent effect on football practitioners who may have illegal and irregular behaviors." Ding Tao said.

In addition, Ding Tao believes that deputies to the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference may effectively participate in the construction of relevant laws and regulations in football and sports by participating in supervision.

In fact, during this year's National People's Congress and Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Liu Guoyong, a representative of the National People's Congress and deputy director of the General Administration of Sport of China, suggested the addition of legislative provisions on the crime of manipulating sports matches, which is very constructive and forward-looking, and has caused strong reactions in society and fan groups.

Liu Guoyong previously introduced in an interview that the current phenomenon of manipulating sports competitions has shown multiple characteristics: the expansion of the scope of manipulating sports competitions, the organization of manipulating sports competition subjects, the diversification of manipulating sports competition methods, and the concealment of manipulating sports competition forms.

At the same time, there is currently a lack of specific provisions in China's Criminal Law to regulate the manipulation of sports competitions. For such behavior, in practice, it is often convicted and punished with traditional charges such as bribery and gambling, bribery of non-state employees, and gambling. The above-mentioned traditional charges cannot fully evaluate the manipulation of sports competitions. Therefore, it is necessary to establish specialized legal provisions for more professional personnel to intervene in investigations and evidence collection, ensuring the fairness and impartiality of sports competitions.

Ding Tao believes that the suggestion put forward by Deputy Director Liu Guoyong has expressed the opinions of many fans and also drew on the regulations of many sports developed countries in the world, which is very commendable. Ding Tao further supplemented from a legal perspective, saying, "Nowadays, there are various types of behaviors that affect the order of sports matches, and the means are covert. Some game manipulations involve power and money transactions, while others violate 'sports integrity'. Combining the modesty of criminal law, the identification and evaluation of related behaviors, and the addition of charges require continuous exploration and argumentation by sports and judicial experts in combination with reality. In an ideal situation, if various types of game manipulation behaviors can be accurately classified, it will help administrative authorities, industry associations, and judicial organs to formulate different strategies and implement precise strikes on specific behaviors. It is reasonable to believe that wise people from all sides will gather wisdom, and the construction of laws and regulations related to football and sports will continue to improve."

Author: Ye Zhufeng

重点词汇

• 原主 original owner ; original proprietor

• 蛀虫 moth ; borer ; insect that eats books, clothes or wood ; insect that eats books,clothes or wood

• 开庭审理 Trial in court ; hold hearings ; come up

• 社会监督 social supervision ; social surveillance

• 新闻媒体 news media

• 所在地 location ; site ; seat ; neighbourhood

• 有效监管 effective supervision ; effective regulation ; Efficient Regulation

• 新闻周刊 Newsweek ; News Week

• 了解到 find out ; discover

• 历史上 in history ; historically

句子成分分析：

[At the same time], there is [currently] a lack (of specific provisions) [in China's Criminal Law] to regulate the 

manipulation (of sports competitions).

句子语法结构详解：

* there 引导 there be ... 句型, 表示“有”的意思。
* is 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* to regulate 为不定式，作状语。
* China's 为名词所有格。the 为定冠词。a 为不定冠词。

句子相关词汇解释：

Phrase:

Vocabulary:

句子成分分析：

[Nowadays], the Chinese Football Association's "open and honest" measures and attitude have received widespread 

praise from both inside and outside the football industry.

句子语法结构详解：

* received 为谓语，采用现在完成时。
* have 为助动词。Association's 为名词所有格。the 为定冠词。

句子相关词汇解释：

Vocabulary:

http://www.fbdict.com/paraphrastic
http://www.fbdict.com/greensward
http://www.fbdict.com/put someone's hands on
http://www.fbdict.com/holpen
http://www.fbdict.com/ceftazidime
http://www.fbdict.com/Sharapova
http://www.fbdict.com/camper
http://www.fbdict.com/stagnant
http://www.fbdict.com/chelates
http://www.fbdict.com/numerating
http://www.fbdict.com/Tomah
http://www.fbdict.com/Contingent liability
http://www.fbdict.com/tuna salad
http://www.fbdict.com/oohed
http://www.fbdict.com/Moyers
http://www.fbdict.com/uro
http://www.fbdict.com/pen-and-ink
http://www.fbdict.com/ITV
http://www.fbdict.com/smile at
http://www.fbdict.com/Muhammedan

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