
Five years ago, when I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students. I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student, and said:”Make something out of the Tinkertoys. You have 45 minutes today - and 45minutes each day for the rest of the week.”
A few students hesitated to start. They waited to see the rest of the class would do. Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided. Another group built something out of their own imaginations.
Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.
Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare,” But I’m just not creative.”
“Do you dream at night when you’re asleep?”
“Oh, sure.”
“So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.” The student would tell something wildly imaginative. Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads. “That’s pretty creative. Who does that for you?”
“Nobody. I do it.”
“Really-at night, when you’re asleep?”
“Sure.”
“Try doing it in the daytime, in class, okay?”
五年前,当我在西雅图的一所学校教艺术时,我在学期初用Tinkertoys作为测试,来了解我的学生。我在每个学生面前放了一小套小玩具,然后说:“用小玩具做点什么。你今天有45分钟的时间,本周剩余时间每天有45分钟。”
一些学生犹豫要不要开始上课。他们等着看班上其他人会做什么。其他几个人检查了说明,并根据提供的一个模型计划做了一些事情。另一组人根据自己的想象创造了一些东西。
有一次,我有一个男孩,他在空闲时间用Tinkertoys做实验。他的建筑填满了艺术教室的架子和家里卧室的大部分。有这样一个学生在场,我很高兴。这是一个特别有创造力的人在工作。他的出现意味着我在课堂上有了一个意想不到的助教,他的创造力会感染(感染) 其他学生。
鼓励这种想法有其不利之处。我冒着失去那些思维方式不同的学生的风险。毫无疑问,人们会宣称:“但我就是没有创造力。”
“你晚上睡觉时做梦吗?”
“哦,当然。”
“那就告诉我你最有趣的一个梦吧。”这个学生会说一些非常有想象力的话。在天空中飞行,在时间机器中飞行,或者长出三个头。“这很有创意。谁帮你做的?”
“没人。我做。”
“真的是在晚上,当你睡着的时候?”
“当然。”
“试着在白天上课,好吗?”
句子成分分析:
Several others checked the instructions and made something [according to one (of the model plans provided)].
句子语法结构详解:
(made 为 make 的过去式。)
* checked 为谓语,采用一般过去时。
* made 为谓语,采用一般过去时。
* provided 为过去分词,作后置定语。
* other, something 为不定代词。the 为定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释:
Phrase:
according to | 根据,据(某人)所述 |
Vocabulary:
several ['sevәrәl] | a. | 1) 几个 2) 各自的,分别的 |
other ['ʌðә] | n. | 1) 其他人, 其他的(事物) 2) 其余的人或事物, 剩下的人或事物 |
check [tʃek] | vt. | 1) 检查,审查,查核,检验 2) 查明,查看,核实 |
instruction [in'strʌkʃәn] | n. | 1) (通常用复数) 指示,命令,吩咐 2) (instructions)用法说明,操作指南 |
and [ænd] | conj. | 1) 和, 与, 同, 并 2) 然后,接着 |
make [meik] | vt. | 1) 做, 制作, 创造,创作, 建造 2) 使出现, 形成 3) 引起, 使产生 |
something ['sʌmθiŋ] | pron | 1) 某事, 某物 2) 被视为重要或有意义的事物 |
one [wʌn] | pron | 1) 一个人(或物) 2) (代表前面提到的,避免重复) |
model ['mɔdәl] | n. | 1) (依照实物按比例制成的)模型 2) 模特儿 |
plan [plæn] | n. | 1) 计划,打算 2) (详细)规划,方案,精心安排 |
provide [prә'vaid] | vt. | 1) 提供,供应,给予 2) 规定 |
句子成分分析:
His presence meant | that I had an unexpected teaching assistant [in class (whose creativity would infect other students)].
句子语法结构详解:
(meant 为 mean 的过去式。)
* meant 为谓语,采用一般过去时。
* that 为连词,引导宾语从句。
* had 为谓语,采用一般过去时。
* whose 引导定语从句。
* infect 为谓语,采用一般过去将来时。
* would 为情态动词。I 为人称代词主格。his 为形容词型物主代词。an 为不定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释:
Phrase:
teaching assistant | 1) 教学助理 2) 助教(担任本科生教学、组织讨论、上实践课、批改作业等工作的研究生) |
Vocabulary:
presence ['prezns] | n. | 1) (事物或物质)存在,出现 2) 在场,出席 |
mean [mi:n] | vt. | 1) 意味着,产生...结果 2) 意思是, 意指 |
have [hæv] | vt. | 1) 有,持有 2) 吃,喝, 抽(烟) 3) 患病,出现(某症状) |
unexpected [,ʌnik'spektid] | a. | 出乎意料的,始料不及的 |
class [klɑ:s] | n. | 1) 班, 班级 2) 课,课程 |
creativity [,kri:ei'tiviti] | n. | 创造力, 创造性 |
infect [in'fekt] | vt. | 1) 传染,使感染 2) 使携带病菌 |
other ['ʌðә] | a. | 1) 其他的, 另外的, 其余的 2) 另一 |
student ['stju:dnt] | n. | 1) 学生,(尤指)中学生 2) 大学生,研究生,博士生 |
句子成分分析:
Encouraging this kind (of thinking) has a downside.I ran the risk (of losing those students (who had a different style
(of thinking))).
句子语法结构详解:
(has 为 have 的第三人称单数形式。ran 为 run 的过去式。)
* Encouraging 为动名词,在句中作主语。
* has 为谓语,采用一般现在时。动词采用第三人称单数形式。
* ran 为谓语,采用一般过去时。
* losing 为动名词,作介词宾语。
* who 为关系代词,引导定语从句。
* had 为谓语,采用一般过去时。
* I 为人称代词主格。the 为定冠词。a 为不定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释:
Vocabulary:
encourage [in'kʌridʒ] | vt. | 1) 鼓动,劝告,怂恿 2) 鼓励,激励, 支持 |
this [θis] | a. | 1) 这(个) 2) 今,本 |
kind [kaind] | n. | 1) 种类,类别 2) 本质,实质,性质 |
thinking ['θiŋkiŋ] | n. | 1) 思想,思考,思维 2) 想法,见解 |
have [hæv] | vt. | 1) 有,持有 2) 吃,喝, 抽(烟) 3) 患病,出现(某症状) |
downside | n. | 不好的一面, 缺点 |
run [rʌn] | vt. | 1) 经营; 管理 2) 提供, 开设 |
risk [risk] | n. | 1) 危险,风险 2) 危险人物,会带来风险的事物 |
lose [lu:z] | vt. | 1) 失去,损失,丧失 2) 丢失,遗失 |
those [ðәuz] | a. | 那些 |
student ['stju:dnt] | n. | 1) 学生,(尤指)中学生 2) 大学生,研究生,博士生 |
have [hæv] | vt. | 1) 有,持有 2) 吃,喝, 抽(烟) 3) 患病,出现(某症状) |
different ['difәrәnt] | a. | 1) 不同的,有区别的,有差异的 2) 分别的,各别的,各种的 |
style [stail] | n. | 1) 品位,优雅,风度 2) 方式,做法,作风 |
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