高考英语模拟试题阅读理解精选编讲第224篇——秒词邦微信小程序
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, according to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.
研究表明，竞走和跑步有很多健身的好处，但更有可能减少受伤。然而，它也有自己的问题。
竞走运动员是有条件的运动员。夏季奥运会上最长的田径项目是50公里竞走，比马拉松比赛长约5英里。但这项运动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖在腿摆动的大部分时间里保持直线，一只脚在任何时候都要与地面保持接触。马萨诸塞州塞勒姆州立大学(Salem State University)运动科学助理教授杰克琳·诺伯格(Jaclyn Norberg)说，正是这种奇怪的形式让竞走成为一项如此有吸引力的活动。
她说，和跑步一样，竞走对体力的要求也很高。根据大多数计算，竞走者以每小时6英里的速度运动，每小时消耗大约800卡路里，大约是步行消耗的两倍，尽管比跑步少，但跑步每小时可能消耗1000卡路里或更多卡路里。
然而，竞走对身体的冲击没有跑步那么大，诺伯格博士说。根据她的研究，跑步者每一步撞击地面的重量是其体重的四倍，而竞走者不离开地面，每一步只产生约1.4倍体重的重量。
因此，她说，一些与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步者的膝盖，在竞走运动员中并不常见。但这项运动奇怪的形式确实对脚踝和臀部造成了相当大的压力，所以有过这种伤害史的人在参加这项运动时可能要谨慎。她说，事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该先咨询教练或有经验的选手，学习正确的技术。这需要一些练习。
句子成分分析：
Race walking shares (many fitness benefits [with running, <research shows>, while[most likely]]contributing) to fewer injuries.
句子语法结构详解：
(fewer 为 few 的比较级形式)
* 开头为祈使句。
* race 为谓语。
* walking 为现在分词，作状语。
* many 开头为定语从句，引导词 that 被省略。
* benefits 为谓语，采用一般现在时。动词采用第三人称单数形式。
* running 为动名词。
* shows 为谓语，采用一般现在时。动词采用第三人称单数形式。
* contributing 为现在分词，作状语。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
1) 捐(款)，捐助 2) 是……的原因之一 |
Vocabulary:
race [reis] | vi. | 1) 比赛，参加比赛 2) 快速移动，快速运转 |
walk [wɔ:k] | vt. | 1) 陪伴……走，护送……走 2) 遛(动物), 牵着（动物）走，赶着……走 |
many ['meni] | a. | 许多, 很多 |
fitness | n. | 1) 健壮，健康 2) 适合（某事物或做某事） |
run [rʌn] | vt. | 1) 跑(一段路程) 2) 经营; 管理 |
research [ri'sә:tʃ] | n. | 研究，调查，探索 |
show [ʃәu] | vi. | 1) 展览，陈列 2) 露出，显出 |
while [hwail] | n. | 一会儿, (一段)时间 |
most [mәust] | ad. | 1) 最(与形容词或副词连用构成最高级） 2) (程度上）最大，最多，最高 |
likely ['laikli] | ad. | 或许, 可能 |
few [fju:] | a. | 1) 很少， 不多 2) （a few) 几个 |
injury ['indʒәri] | n. | 1) （对躯体的）伤害，损伤 2) （对感情的）伤害，挫伤 |
句子成分分析：
It does, <however>, have its own problem.
句子语法结构详解：
* does 为助动词，加在动词前表示强调。可译为“的确”；“确实”；“真地”，“务必”。
* have 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* its 为物主代词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Vocabulary:
however [hau'evә] | ad. | 1) 然而, 仍然 2) 无论如何,不管怎样, 究竟怎样 3) (与形容词和副词连用) 不管多么 |
have [hæv] | vt. | 1) 有，持有 2) 吃，喝, 抽(烟) 3) 患病，出现(某症状) |
its [its] | a. | 它的 |
own [әun] | a. | 1) 自己的，本人的 2) 自己做的，为自己的 |
problem ['prɔblәm] | n. | 1) 棘手的问题，难题，困难 2) 逻辑题，数学题 |
句子成分分析：
[However], race walking does not pound the body [as much] as running does, || Dr. Norberg says.
句子语法结构详解：
* 第1个 does 为助动词。
* pound 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* 句中含有用于比较的结构 as...as...，意为“和……一样……”
* 第2个 as 为连词，引导比较状语从句。
* 第2个 does 为谓语，采用一般现在时。动词采用第三人称单数形式。
* Dr. Norberg 开头为陈述句。
* says 为谓语，采用一般现在时。动词采用第三人称单数形式。
* the 为定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
as...as... | 与...一样... |
Vocabulary:
however [hau'evә] | ad. | 1) 然而, 仍然 2) 无论如何,不管怎样, 究竟怎样 3) (与形容词和副词连用) 不管多么 |
race [reis] | n. | 1) 赛跑，速度竞赛 2) 人种，种族 |
walking ['wɔ:kiŋ] | n. | 1) 步行, 行走, 徒步旅行 2) 竞走 |
pound [paund] | vt. | 1) 反复击打，连续砰砰地猛击 2) 捣碎，击碎 |
body ['bɔdi] | n. | 1) 身体，躯体 2) 尸体 |
much [mʌtʃ] | ad. | 1) 很, 非常 2) (用于比较级)更加, ...得多 |
running ['rʌniŋ] | n. | 赛跑, 流出, 运转 |
do [du:] | vi. | 1) （以某种方式）做，行动，表现 2) （询问或谈论时用）进展，进行 |
say [sei] | vi. | 1) 说，讲，告诉 2) 表达，表述 |
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