高考英语模拟试题阅读理解精选编讲第101篇——秒词邦微信小程序
What's the most important thing in life?
People's answers vary greatly. For British scientist Robert Edwards, the answer is having a child. "Nothing is more special than a child," he told the BBC.
Edwards, the inventor of the In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) technology---more commonly known as "test-tube (试管) baby" technology---passed away on April 10, 2013 at the age of 87.
"Edwards changed the lives of millions of ordinary people who now rejoice (高兴) in the gift of their own child," said Peter Braude, a professor at King's College London. "He leaves the world a much better place."
Edwards started his experiments as early as the 1950s, when he had just finished his PhD in genetics. At that time, much of the public viewed test-tube babies as "scary", according to Mark Sauer, a professor at Columbia University, US.
Edwards and his colleague Patrick Steptoe faced opposition from churches, governments and media, not to mention attacks from many of their fellow scientists. "People said that we should not play God and we should not interfere with nature," Edwards once told Times. He said that he felt "quite alone" at the time.
"But Edwards was a fighter, and he believed in what he was doing," said Sauer. Without support from the government, the two struggled to raise funds to carry on. And in 1968 they finally developed a method to successfully fertilize human eggs outside the body.
The first test-tube baby was born on July 25, 1978. Her name was Is Louise Brown. despite people's safety concerns, Brown was just as healthy as other children.
"IVF had moved from vision to reality and a new era in medicine had begun," BBC commented.
Ever since then, public opinion has evolved considerably. Couples who were unable to have babies began thronging (拥向) to Edwards' clinic. Nowadays, Reuters reports, some 4.3 million other "test-tube" children exist. Edwards received a Nobel Prize in 2010 and was knighted (封为爵士) by Queen Elizabeth n the following year.
Before his death, Edwards was still in touch with Louise. "He is like a granddad to me," she said in an interview with the Daily Mail.
He is a granddad to millions, in fact.
生命中最重要的事情是什么？
人们的答案千差万别。对于英国科学家罗伯特·爱德华兹来说，答案是要有一个孩子。“没有什么比一个孩子更特别了，”他告诉BBC。
Edwards，体外受精（IVF）技术的发明者，通常被称为“试管”(试管) 婴儿科技---于2013年4月10日去世，享年87岁。
“爱德华兹改变了数百万普通人的生活，他们现在欢欣鼓舞(高兴) 伦敦国王学院教授彼得·布劳德说：“他给世界留下了一个更好的地方。“
爱德华兹早在20世纪50年代就开始了他的实验，当时他刚刚完成遗传学博士学位。美国哥伦比亚大学教授Mark Sauer表示，当时，许多公众认为试管婴儿“可怕”。
Edwards和他的同事Patrick Steptoe面临着来自教会、政府和媒体的反对，更不用说他们的许多科学家同事的攻击了。“人们说我们不应该扮演上帝，我们不应该干涉自然，”爱德华兹曾告诉《泰晤士报》。他说，当时他感到“非常孤独”。
绍尔说：“但爱德华兹是一个斗士，他相信自己在做什么。”。在没有政府支持的情况下，两人艰难地筹集资金继续前行。1968年，他们终于开发出了一种在体外成功受精人类卵子的方法。
1978年7月25日，第一个试管婴儿出生。她的名字叫路易斯·布朗。尽管人们担心安全，布朗和其他孩子一样健康。
英国广播公司评论道：“试管婴儿已经从愿景变成了现实，医学的新时代已经开始。”。
从那时起，公众舆论发生了很大的变化。无法生育的夫妇开始蜂拥而至(拥向) 去Edwards的诊所。据路透社报道，如今，约有430万其他“试管”儿童。爱德华兹于2010年获得诺贝尔奖，并被封为爵士(封为爵士) 第二年，伊丽莎白女王。
在他去世之前，Edwards仍然与Louise保持联系。“他对我来说就像爷爷，”她在接受《每日邮报》采访时说。
事实上，他是数百万人的爷爷。
句子成分分析：
Edwards started his experiments [as early] [as the1950s, (when he had [just] finished his PhD [in genetics])].
句子语法结构详解：
* started 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* 句中含有用于比较的结构 as...as...，意为“和……一样……”
* when 为关系副词，引导非限制性定语从句。
* finished 为谓语，采用过去完成时。
* he 为人称代词主格。his 为形容词型物主代词。had 为助动词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
as early as... | 早在... |
Vocabulary:
start [stɑ:t] | vt. | 1) 使开始，着手，动手 2) 使发生，开始进行 |
experiment [ik'sperimәnt] | n. | 1) 实验，试验 2) 实践 |
just [dʒʌst] | ad. | 1) 刚,刚刚 2) 正好,恰好 |
finish ['finiʃ] | vt. | 1) 完成，做好 2) 使结束 |
PhD | n. | (=Doctor of Philosophy) 博士学位 |
genetics [dʒi'netiks] | n. | 遗传学 |
句子成分分析：
Her name was Is Louise Brown.[Despite people's safety concerns], Brown was just as healthy [as other children].
句子语法结构详解：
(children 为 child 的复数形式。)
* 第1个 was 为系动词作谓语，采用一般过去时。
* 助动词 is 引导一般疑问句。
* 第2个 was 为系动词作谓语，采用一般过去时。
* 句中含有用于比较的结构 as...as...，意为“和……一样……”
* healthy 为形容词作表语。
* her 为形容词型物主代词。people's 为名词所有格。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
as...as... | 与...一样... |
Vocabulary:
name [neim] | n. | 1) 名字，名称 2) 名誉，名声，名气 |
brown [braun] | n. | 褐色，棕色 |
despite [di'spait] | prep. | 尽管; 不管; 不顾 |
people ['pi:pl] | n. | 1) 人，人们，大家 2) 国民，人民，臣民，群众 |
safety ['seifti] | n. | 1) 安全 2) 安全性 |
concern [kәn'sә:n] | n. | 1) 关心，关爱 2) 忧虑，担心 |
healthy ['helθi] | a. | 1) 健康的，健壮的 2) 有益于健康的 |
other ['ʌðә] | a. | 1) 其他的, 另外的, 其余的 2) 另一 |
child [tʃaild] | n. | 1) 小孩 2) 儿女
|
句子成分分析：
Edwards received a Nobel Prize in 2010 and was knighted (封为爵士) [by Queen Elizabeth n] [the following year].
句子语法结构详解：
* received 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* knighted 为谓语，采用一般过去时和被动语态。
* was 为助动词。the 为定冠词。a 为不定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
Nobel Prize | 诺贝尔奖 |
the following year | 第二年, 随后的一年 |
Vocabulary:
receive [ri'si:v] | vt. | 1) 拿到，接到，收到 2) 体验，受到（某种待遇或伤害） |
and [ænd] | conj. | 1) 和, 与, 同, 并 2) 然后，接着 |
knight [nait] | vt. | 封（某人）为爵士 |
queen ['kwi:n] | n. | 1) 女王，女酋长，女首领 2) 王后 |
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