知识扩展
相关变形拓展
复数:refinements→动词:refine(精炼;改进)→形容词:refined(精致的);refining(精炼的)→副词:refinedly
易混词辨析
refinement、refine、improvement、polish、perfection
1. refinement:名词 “改进;提炼;优雅”(①改进:“refinement of the method”;②提炼:“refinement of oil”;③优雅:“refinement of manners”);
2. refine:动词 “改进;提炼;使优雅”(如 “refine a plan”“refine one’s taste”);
3. improvement:名词 “改进;改善”(通用,侧重 “变得更好”,如 “improvement of health”),比 refinement 更侧重 “结果改善”;
4. polish:名词 / 动词 “润色;抛光”(①名词:“polish of the essay”;②动词:“polish the shoes”),比 refinement 更侧重 “表面修饰”;
5. perfection:名词 “完美;完善”(侧重 “达到无缺陷”,如 “pursuit of perfection”),比 refinement 更侧重 “终极目标”。
词组短语
grain refinement晶粒细化;stepwise refinement[计]逐步求精,逐步求精法