知识扩展
易混词辨析
outlay、expense、cost、spending
1. outlay：名词 “支出；费用”/ 动词 “花费”（如 “initial outlay”“outlay on equipment”“outlay money on sth”），侧重 “前期的一次性支出” 或 “总费用”（如设备采购费、项目启动费）；
2. expense：名词 “费用；开销”（如 “daily expenses”“travel expenses”“at the expense of”），泛指 “日常开销” 或 “为某事付出的代价”，比 outlay 更侧重 “日常性”；
3. cost：名词 “成本；费用”/ 动词 “花费”（如 “production cost”“cost sb time/money”），侧重 “生产、购买的成本” 或 “某物的价格”，比 outlay 更侧重 “成本核算”；
4. spending：名词 “支出；花费”（如 “government spending”“consumer spending”），侧重 “一段时间内的总花费”（如政府开支、消费者支出），比 outlay 更侧重 “持续性”。
词语辨析
costs spending expenditure expenses outlay outgoings These are all words for money spent by a government, an organization or a person. 以上各词均指政府、机构或个人的开支、支出、花费。 costs the total amount of money that needs to be spent by a business 指成本： labour/production costs 人工 / 生产成本 rising costs 正在上涨的成本 spending the amount of money that is spent, especially by a government or an organization 尤指政府或机构的开支、支出、花销： public spending 公共开支 More spending on health was promised. 已承诺增加医疗开支。 expenditure ( rather formal ) an amount of money spent by a government, an organization or a person 指政府、机构或个人的开支、支出、花费： expenditure on education 教育费用 expenses money that has to be spent by a person or an organization; money that you spend while you are working which your employer will pay back to you later 指个人或机构必需的开支、花费或报销的费用： legal expenses 律师费 travel expenses 差旅费 outlay the money that you have to spend in order to start a new business or project, or in order to save yourself money or time later 指必要的开支、费用： The best equipment is costly but is well worth the outlay. 最好的设备花费大，但这种开支很值得。 outgoings ( BrE ) the regular costs that a person or business has, such as rent and electricity 指个人或企业的经常性费用或开支，如房租、电费等 常用搭配 spending / expenditure / outlay on sth high / low / total / overall costs / spending / expenditure / expenses / outlay / outgoings capital costs / spending / expenditure / expenses / outlay government / public / education / health costs / spending / expenditure household costs / spending / expenditure / expenses / outgoings to increase / reduce costs / spending / expenditure / expenses / the outlay / outgoings
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