知识扩展
易混词辨析
maintained、asserted、insisted
1. insisted:动词过去分词 “坚持;坚决要求;主张(侧重 “不顾反对,坚决认为或要求,后接 on/that 从句”)”(搭配 “insisted on his innocence;insisted that he was right;insisted on going”);
2. maintained:动词过去分词 “维持;坚持;主张(侧重 “长期坚持观点或维持状态,无 “对抗反对” 义”)”,近义差异(“maintained his position”(坚持立场) vs “insisted on his position”(坚决主张立场));
3. asserted:动词过去分词 “断言;主张(侧重 “明确陈述观点,无 “坚决要求” 义”)”,近义差异(“asserted the fact”(断言事实) vs “insisted on the fact”(坚决要求承认事实));
4. 高频错拼:易漏写双 “s”(误写 “insisted” 为 “insisted”);
5. 用法误区:“坚决要求 / 对抗反对” 用 “insisted on”(正确,如 “insisted on changing the plan”(坚决要求改计划)),“maintained/asserted” 无 “要求” 义。
词语辨析
insist,persist,stick to
【解说】三者都可作“坚持”解。它们的区别在于1.insist常用于坚持意见、看法、主张等;persist一般用于坚持行动,偶尔用于对某种意见坚持不变;而stick to多用于坚持原则、计划、决定、诺言、意见等。例如I insist on telling him how great you are.我一定要告诉他你是多么了不起。I persisted that we should walk there.我坚持我们步行去。Jack always sticks to his promise.杰克总是信守自己的诺言。2.insist后接介词on+名词或动名词,也可接that从句;而persist后接介词in(with〕加名词或动名词构成的短语,而不接不定式。例如He insisted on trying again,regardless of the consequences.他不顾后果,执意要再试一试。He persisted in saying so.他坚持这样说。insist,persist,persevere,adhere,cling
【解说】
这些动词均有“坚持”之意。insist通常用于对意见、主张等的坚持。persist用于褒义指坚持继续做某事,但更常用于贬义,指不听劝告,顽固坚持。persevere含褒义,强调坚持不懈的努力。adhere与to连用,指坚持意见、计划或承诺等,含坚持不懈之意。cling和to连用,指对信仰、意见、习惯等的坚持。