知识扩展
易混词辨析
inflate、inflated、deflation、rising prices
1. inflation:名词 “通货膨胀(指物价普遍上涨,货币贬值)”(如 high inflation 高通货膨胀;control inflation 控制通货膨胀);
2. 与 inflate(动词 “使膨胀;抬高(价格)”,如 inflate a balloon 给气球充气;inflate prices 抬高价格)混淆词性 ——inflate 是动词(inflate the economy 刺激经济膨胀),inflation 是名词(the inflation of the economy 经济膨胀),不可说 “inflate of prices”,应为 “inflation of prices”;
3. 与 inflated(形容词 “膨胀的;过高的”,如 inflated ego 膨胀的自我;inflated prices 虚高的价格)区别:inflated 是形容词(修饰名词),inflation 是名词(不可说 “inflated of the market”,应为 “inflation of the market”);
4. 与 deflation(名词 “通货紧缩”,如 economic deflation 经济紧缩)是反义词(inflation 物价涨,deflation 物价跌);
5. 与 rising prices(“物价上涨”,口语化)区别:rising prices 是 “具体现象描述”,inflation 是 “经济学专业术语,指整体物价上涨趋势”(rising prices 是 inflation 的表现)。
词组短语
inflation rate通货膨胀率;price inflation物价膨胀
词源考究
来自inflate,膨胀。用于经济学术语通货膨胀。