知识扩展
相关变形拓展
三单:defects→过去式:defected→过去分词:defected→现在分词:defecting→形容词:defective(有缺陷的)
易混词辨析
fault、flaw、mistake、defect
1.fault(过错;缺陷):表 “人犯的错误或物体的小缺陷”(如 a fault in the machine、it’s my fault),defect 侧重 “严重缺陷;瑕疵”(如 a defect in the design 设计缺陷),程度更重;
2. flaw(瑕疵;缺点):与 defect 近义,但 flaw 更侧重 “影响完美的小瑕疵”(如 a flaw in the diamond 钻石瑕疵),defect 侧重 “影响功能的严重缺陷”;
3. mistake(错误):表 “人为的失误”(如 make a mistake),defect 无 “人为失误” 义,仅指 “物体 / 设计缺陷”;
4. 注意 defect 可作动词 “背叛;脱离”(如 defect to the enemy),fault 无此动词义。
名词辨析
defect,fault
这两个词都有“缺点,缺陷”的意思。其区别是defect强调不影响全局,完美不足,而fault强调不十分严重,无伤大雅;用于人时,defect多指人体器官上的缺陷,而fault多指道德行为的缺点;用于物时,defect指易于察觉的缺陷,fault则指功能方面的缺陷。例如He has some defects in his eyesight.他的视力有缺陷。I bought the cloth cheap because there is a small defect in it.这布我买得便宜,因为上面有个小疵点。Snobbishness was his main fault.他的主要缺点是势利眼。I donˈt mean to praise myself.I have my fault.我并不是要表扬自己,我也有我的过错。His only fault is that he lacks ambition他唯一缺点就是没有雄心壮志。This accident is due to a fault in the electrical circuit.这次事故是由电路故障引起的。There is a fault in the machine.这机器有毛病。