
We've all heard it before: to be successful, get out of bed early. After all, Apple CEO Tim Cook gets up at 3: 45 am, Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne at 3: 30 am and Richard Branson at 5: 45 am ﹣and, as we all know, "the early bird's catches the worm. "
But just because some successful people wake up early, does that mean it's a trait most of them share? And if the idea of having exercised, planned your day, eaten breakfast, visualized and done one task before 8 am makes you want to roll over and hit snooze till next Saturday, are you really doomed to a less successful life?
For about half of us, this isn't really an issue. It's estimated that some 50% of the population isn't really morning or evening﹣oriented, but somewhere in the middle. Roughly one in four of us, though, tend more toward bright﹣eyed early risers, and another one in four are night owls. For them, the effects can go beyond falling asleep in front of the TV at 10 pm or being regularly late for work.
Numerous studies have found that morning people are more self﹣directed and agreeable. And compared to night owls, they plan for the future more and have a better sense of well﹣being.
Although morning types may achieve more academically, night owls tend to perform better on measures of memory, processing speed and cognitive (认知) ability, even when they have to perform those tasks in the morning. Night﹣time people are also more open and more creative. And one study shows that night owls are as healthy and wise as morning types ﹣and a little bit wealthier.
Still think the morning people sound more like CEO material? Don't set your alarm for 5 am Just yet. As it turns out, overhauling (全面改革) your sleep time may not have much effect
"If people are left to their naturally preferred time, they feel much better. They say that they are much more productive. The mental capacity they have is much broader, " says Oxford University biologist Katharina Wulff. On the other hand, she says, pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful. When they wake early, for example, night owls are still producing melatonin (褪黑素). "Then you disrupt it and push the body to be in the daytime mode. That can have lots of negative physiological consequence. " Wulff says, like a different sensitivity to insulin and glucose (葡萄糖) which can cause weight gain.
我们以前都听说过:要想成功,就要早点起床。毕竟,苹果首席执行官蒂姆·库克凌晨3:45起床,菲亚特首席执行官塞尔吉奥·马尔基奥尼凌晨3:30起床,理查德·布兰森凌晨5:45起床﹣而且,众所周知,“早起的鸟儿有虫吃。”
但仅仅因为一些成功人士醒得早,这是否意味着这是他们大多数人的共同特点如果在早上8点之前锻炼身体、计划一天、吃早餐、想象并完成一项任务的想法让你想翻身打盹,直到下周六,你真的注定会过得不那么成功吗
对我们大约一半的人来说,这并不是一个真正的问题。据估计,大约50%的人口不是早上或晚上﹣定向,但在在中间的某个地方。然而,大约四分之一的人更倾向于明亮﹣有眼睛的早起者,另外四分之一是夜猫子。对他们来说,这种影响可能不仅仅是晚上10点在电视机前睡着或经常迟到。
许多研究发现,早起的人更自我﹣定向且令人愉快。与夜猫子相比,它们对未来的规划更多,对未来的感觉更好﹣存在
尽管早起的人可能在学业上取得更高的成绩,但夜猫子在记忆力、处理速度和认知能力方面往往表现更好(认知) 能力,即使他们必须在早上执行这些任务。夜﹣时间的人也更开放,更有创造力。一项研究表明,夜猫子和早起的人一样健康聪明﹣而且稍微富裕一点。
还认为早上的人听起来更像CEO的材料吗不要把闹钟定在凌晨5点,现在还可以。事实证明,检修(全面改革) 你的睡眠时间可能不会有多大影响
牛津大学生物学家Katharina Wulff说:“如果人们被留在他们天生喜欢的时间,他们会感觉好多了。他们说他们的生产力要高得多。他们的心智能力要广泛得多。”。另一方面,她说,把人们推离他们的自然偏好太远可能是有害的。例如,当夜猫子早起时,它们仍在产生褪黑激素(褪黑素). Wulff说:“然后你破坏它,使身体处于白天模式。这可能会产生很多负面的生理后果。”(葡萄糖) 这会导致体重增加。
句子成分分析:
Although morning types may achieve [more academically],night owls tend toperform [better] [on measures (of memory)],
processing speed || and [cognitive]ability[even] when theyhave to perform those tasks [in the morning].
句子语法结构详解:
(better 为 well 的比较级形式)
* although 为连词,引导让步状语从句。
* achieve 为谓语。
* tend 为谓语,采用一般现在时。
* 第1个 to perform 为不定式,作状语。
* speed 为谓语,采用一般现在时。
* when 为连词,引导时间状语从句。
* 第2个 perform 为谓语。
* may, have to 为情态动词。they 为人称代词主格。the 为定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释:
Phrase:
night owl | 喜欢熬夜的人;夜猫子 |
tend to do sth | 倾向于, 趋于 |
have to | 1) 不得不 2) 必须 |
in the morning | 在早上 |
Vocabulary:
although [ɔ:l'ðəu] | conj. | 1) 虽然; 尽管; 即使 2) 然而; 可是 |
morning ['mɔ:niŋ] | n. | 1) 上午,早晨 2) 午夜至正午的时间 |
type [taip] | n. | 1) 类型,种类 2) 典型 |
achieve [ә'tʃi:v] | vi. | 成功 |
more [mɔ:] | ad. | 1) 更加; 更甚 2) (与形容词或副词连用,构成比较级)更 |
perform [pә'fɔ:m] | vi. | 1) 运转, 运行 2) 表演, 演奏 |
well [wel] | ad. | 1) 好, 令人满意 2) 彻底地, 完全地 |
measure ['meʒә] | n. | 1) 尺度,标准,程度 2) 措施,方法 |
memory ['memәri] | n. | 1) 记忆,记忆力,记性 2) 记忆所及的时期,回忆所及的范围 |
speed [spi:d] | vi. | 1) 超速驾驶,超速行驶 2) 快速前行 |
and [ænd] | conj. | 1) 和, 与, 同, 并 2) 然后,接着 |
cognitive ['kɔgnitiv] | a. | 认知的,感知的,认识的 |
ability [ә'biliti] | n. | 1) 能力 2) 才能,本领,才智 |
even ['i:vәn] | ad. | 1) 甚至,即使 2) (用于加强比较)甚至更, 愈加 |
perform [pә'fɔ:m] | vt. | 1) 履行,执行,做 2) 表演, 演奏 |
those [ðәuz] | a. | 那些 |
task [tɑ:sk] | n. | (尤指艰巨或令人厌烦的)任务,工作 |
句子成分分析:
Don't set your alarm for 5 am || Just yet.As it turns out, || overhauling (全面改革) your sleep time may not have much effect
句子语法结构详解:
(don't = do not)
* 开头为祈使句。
* set 为谓语。
* as 为连词,引导状语从句。
* turns 为谓语,采用一般现在时。动词采用第三人称单数形式。
* overhauling 为动名词,在句中作主语。
* have 为谓语。
* may 为情态动词。your 为形容词型物主代词。do 为助动词。
句子相关词汇解释:
Phrase:
1) 在场, 出来, 出席, 露面 2) (与副词或形容词连用)结果..., 以某方式发生 |
Vocabulary:
set [set] | vt. | 1) 放,置,使处于 2) 布置,分配,指派 3) 树立,创立,开创 4) 设置,调整好,安排就绪 |
alarm [ә'lɑ:m] | n. | 1) 警报 2) 闹钟,警报器 3) 惊恐,惊慌,恐慌 |
5 am | 上午5点 | |
just [dʒʌst] | ad. | 1) 只,仅仅 2) 刚,刚刚 |
yet [jet] | conj. | 然而; 但是 |
as [æz] | conj. | 1) 由于, 因为 2) 当...时, 在...期间, 随着... |
overhaul [,әuvә'hɔ:l] | vt. | 1) 彻底检修 2) 超过;赶上 |
sleep [sli:p] | n. | 1) 睡觉,睡眠 2) 一觉,睡眠时间 |
time [taim] | n. | 1) 时间 2) 时候 3) 时期,时代 |
not [nɔt] | ad. | 1) 不,没有 2) 不没有 |
have [hæv] | vt. | 1) 有,持有 2) 吃,喝, 抽(烟) 3) 患病,出现(某症状) |
much [mʌtʃ] | a. | 许多,大量 |
effect [i'fekt] | n. | 1) 效果,影响,作用 2) (艺术家,作家创作想得到的)效果,印象 |
句子成分分析:
When they wake [early], <for example>, || night owls are [still] producing melatonin (褪黑素)."
句子语法结构详解:
* when 为连词,引导时间状语从句。
* wake 为谓语,采用一般现在时。
* night owls 开头为陈述句。
* producing 为谓语,采用现在进行时。
* they 为人称代词主格。are 为助动词。
句子相关词汇解释:
Phrase:
for example | 例如 |
night owl | 喜欢熬夜的人;夜猫子 |
Vocabulary:
wake [weik] | vi. | 醒,醒来 |
early ['ә:li] | ad. | 1) 提早,提前 2) 在早期,在初期 |
still [stil] | ad. | 1) 仍然, 还是,还 2) (加强比较级)还要,还有,更 |
produce [prә'dju:s] | vt. | 1) 生产,制造 2) 生长,出产,繁育 |
melatonin | n. | 褪黑(激)素 |
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