“刹车”成功！鹊桥二号进入环月轨道飞行，数据传输功能强大 ——秒词邦背单词app
3月25日，南都记者从国家航天局获悉，当日凌晨，鹊桥二号中继星顺利进入环月轨道飞行。天都一号、二号通导技术试验星也进入其环月轨道，后续按计划实施双星分离。中国科学院国家空间科学中心研究员刘勇曾告诉南都记者，鹊桥二号中继星数据传输功能强大，“速度达到一秒钟能下载两部电影”。
鹊桥二号中继星。
鹊桥二号进入环月轨道飞行
据国家航天局消息，3月25日0时46分，鹊桥二号中继星经过约112小时奔月飞行，在距月面约440公里处开始实施近月制动，约19分钟后，顺利进入环月轨道飞行。
后续，鹊桥二号中继星将通过调整环月轨道高度和倾角，进入24小时周期的环月大椭圆使命轨道，按计划开展与嫦娥四号和嫦娥六号的对通测试。
据介绍，近月制动是月球卫星飞行过程中最关键的一次轨道控制。卫星必须在靠近月球时实施“刹车”制动，将其相对速度低于月球逃逸速度，从而被月球引力捕获，实现绕月飞行。
由长征八号遥三运载火箭同步搭载的天都一号、天都二号通导技术试验星，也于同日1时43分，完成近月制动，进入其环月轨道，后续按计划实施双星分离。
南都此前报道，2018年12月，嫦娥四号发射，实现了世界首次月球背面软着陆巡视探测。同年发射的鹊桥一号中继星，担当中继通信服务重任，设计寿命为5年，目前已超期服役。鹊桥一号只有425公斤左右，而鹊桥二号约为1200公斤，体格更大的鹊桥二号带上了极紫外相机、阵列中性原子成像仪、地月VLBI试验系统，除了中继通信任务，还要进行科学探测。
今年上半年择机发射嫦娥六号
中国科学院国家空间科学中心研究员刘勇告诉南都记者，其中，阵列中性原子成像仪由其所在单位研制，“通过接收中性的原子，来观测地球周围的环境的变化。”此外，鹊桥二号为远近轨道结合的绕月运行，距离月球最近的时候只有约300公里。“鹊桥一号24小时不间断中继通信，鹊桥二号虽然不是这样，但是它的数据传输功能要强得多，速度达到一秒钟能下载两部电影，这是非常厉害的。”
鹊桥二号上天携带的天都一号、二号通导技术试验星，还能发挥导航和遥感功能。“将来如果我们的航天员上月球，可以接收月球定位信号，航天员到哪里了，面对什么地形，需要什么路线，都能够清楚地知道。”刘勇向南都记者解释。
据国家航天局介绍，科研人员对鹊桥二号中继星进行了艰辛攻关，以期为正在运行的嫦娥四号和即将开展的嫦娥六号、嫦娥七号、嫦娥八号及后续国内外月球探测任务等提供中继通信服务。其中，嫦娥六号将于2024年上半年择机发射；嫦娥七号和嫦娥八号将构建月球科研站基本型，开展月球环境探测等任务。
嫦娥六号的任务是计划前往月球背面南极-艾特肯盆地，进行形貌探测和地质背景勘察，发现并采集不同地域、不同年龄的月球样品。“这个地方在科学上比较特别，科学家们认为这是太阳系里面自然天体上最大的一个陨石坑……所以他们说这个地方的样品会非常特殊，有可能会改变人类对地球的认识。”航天科技集团五院嫦娥八号探测器总师兼嫦娥五号探测器副总师彭兢在接受采访时表示。
采写：南都记者 张林菲
新闻译文：
On March 25th, a reporter from Nandu learned from the National Space Administration that in the early morning of that day, the Queqiao 2 relay satellite successfully entered the lunar orbit for flight. The Tiandu 1 and Tiandu 2 navigation technology test satellites have also entered their lunar orbit, and the planned implementation of binary separation will be carried out in the future. Liu Yong, a researcher at the National Space Science center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, once told the reporter from Nandu that the data transmission function of the Queqiao II relay star is powerful, and "two movies can be downloaded at a speed of one second".
Magpie Bridge 2 Relay Star.
Magpie Bridge 2 enters lunar orbit for flight
According to the National Space Administration, at 0:46 on March 25th, the Magpie Bridge 2 relay satellite underwent approximately 112 hours of lunar flight and began implementing near lunar braking at a distance of approximately 440 kilometers from the lunar surface. After about 19 minutes, it successfully entered the orbit around the moon.
Subsequently, the Magpie Bridge 2 relay satellite will enter a 24-hour circular elliptical mission orbit by adjusting the altitude and inclination of the lunar orbit, and carry out communication tests with Chang'e-4 and Chang'e-6 as planned.
It is reported that the near moon braking is the most critical orbital control during the flight of lunar satellites. Satellites must apply brakes when approaching the moon, reducing their relative velocity below the moon's escape velocity, in order to be captured by the moon's gravity and achieve a lunar orbit.
The Tiandu 1 and Tiandu 2 navigation technology test satellites, synchronously carried by the Long March 8 Yao 3 carrier rocket, also completed near lunar braking at 1:43 am on the same day and entered their lunar orbit. Subsequently, the planned separation of the two satellites was implemented.
According to previous reports from Nandu, in December 2018, Chang'e-4 was launched, achieving the world's first soft landing inspection and exploration of the far side of the moon. The Magpie Bridge 1 relay satellite, launched in the same year, is responsible for relay communication services and has a designed lifespan of 5 years. It has now exceeded its service life. The Magpie Bridge 1 weighs only about 425 kilograms, while the Magpie Bridge 2 weighs about 1200 kilograms. The larger Magpie Bridge 2 is equipped with an extreme ultraviolet camera, an array neutral atom imager, and an Earth Moon VLBI experimental system. In addition to relay communication tasks, it also needs to conduct scientific exploration.
Choosing an opportunity to launch Chang'e-6 in the first half of this year
Liu Yong, a researcher at the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told the reporter in Nandu that the array neutral atom imager was developed by its unit, "to observe the changes in the environment around the Earth by receiving neutral atoms." In addition, Queqiao 2 is a lunar orbiting operation combining far and near orbits, and is only about 300 kilometers away from the moon when it is closest. "Queqiao No.1 provides uninterrupted relay communication 24 hours a day, while Queqiao No.2, although not like this, has much stronger data transmission capabilities, with a speed of up to one second to download two movies, which is very impressive."
The Tiandu No.1 and No.2 navigation technology test satellites carried by Queqiao No.2 can also perform navigation and remote sensing functions. "In the future, if our astronauts go to the moon, they can receive lunar positioning signals. They can clearly know where they have gone, what terrain they are facing, and what route they need." Liu Yong explained to reporters from Nandu.
According to the National Space Administration, researchers have made arduous research on the Queqiao 2 relay satellite in order to provide relay communication services for the operational Chang'e-4, upcoming Chang'e-6, Chang'e-7, Chang'e-8, and subsequent domestic and international lunar exploration missions. Among them, Chang'e-6 will be launched at an appropriate time in the first half of 2024; Chang'e-7 and Chang'e-8 will build basic lunar research stations and carry out tasks such as lunar environmental exploration.
The mission of Chang'e-6 is to plan to go to the South Pole of the Moon - Aitken Basin, to conduct morphology exploration and geological background exploration, discover and collect lunar samples of different regions and ages. "This place is quite unique in science, and scientists believe it is the largest meteorite crater on a natural celestial body in the solar system... So they say that the samples in this place will be very special and may change humanity's understanding of the Earth." Peng Jing, the chief engineer of the Chang'e-8 probe and deputy chief engineer of the Chang'e-5 probe at the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group, said in an interview.
Interviewer: Zhang Linfei, a journalist from Southern Capital
重点词汇
环月轨道 lunar orbit
按计划 on schedule
中国科学院 Chinese Academy of Sciences ; Academia Sinica ; The Academy of Sciences of China
空间科学 space science
数据传输 data transmission
功能强大 Powerful ; powerful function ; SAS
航天局 NASA ; space agency ; ESA ; CNSA ; DLR
奔月飞行 Flying to the Moon ; lunar flight
开始实施 initiation ; come into operation ; come into force ; Come into effect ; takes effect
句子成分分析：
[According to previous reports (from Nandu)], [in December 2018], Chang'e-4 was launched, achieving the world's first soft
landing inspection and exploration (of the far side (of the moon)).
句子语法结构详解：
* launched 为谓语，采用一般过去时和被动语态。
* achieving 为现在分词，作状语。
* was 为助动词。world's 为名词所有格。the 为定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
| according to | 根据，据（某人）所述 |
Vocabulary:
| previous ['pri:viәs] | a. | 1) 先前的，以往的 2) （时间上）稍前的 |
| report [ri'pɔ:t] | n. | 1) 报告，汇报，记述 2) 报道 |
| launch [lɔ:ntʃ] | vt. | 1) 发射，把（航天器、武器等）发射上天，水中发射 2) 开始从事，发起，发动（尤指有组织的活动） |
| achieve [ә'tʃi:v] | vt. | 1) （凭长期努力）达到（某目标、地位、标准） 2) 完成 |
| world [wә:ld] | n. | 1) 世界，人类社会 2) 地球，天下 |
| first [fә:st] | a. | 1) 第一的 2) 最初的; 最先的 |
| soft [sɔft] | a. | 1) 软的，柔软的 2) 硬度较低的，较软的 |
| landing ['lændiŋ] | n. | 1) 降落，着陆, 登陆 2) 楼梯平台 |
| inspection [in'spekʃәn] | n. | 检查, 视察 |
| and [ænd] | conj. | 1) 和, 与, 同, 并 2) 然后，接着 |
| exploration [,eksplә'reiʃәn] | n. | 勘察，探测，测定，探究 |
| far [fɑ:] | a. | 1) 远的，遥远的 2) 较远的 |
| side [said] | n. | 1) 一边,一侧, 一旁, 一面 2) 侧面 |
| moon [mu:n] | n. | 1) 月亮，月相 2) （通常作 the moon）（also the Moon）月球 |
句子成分分析：
It is reported | that the near moon braking is the most critical orbital control [during the flight (of lunar satellites)].
句子语法结构详解：
* it 为先行主语，代表后移的主语从句。
* 第1个 is 为助动词。
* reported 为谓语，采用一般现在时和被动语态。
* that 引导主语从句。
* braking 为动名词，在句中作主语。
* 第2个 is 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* the 为定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Vocabulary:
| report [ri'pɔ:t] | vt. | 1) 报道，公布，发表，宣布 2) 汇报，通报，报告 |
| near [niә] | a. | 1) （亲属关系上）近 2) （距离或时间上）近的，不远的 |
| moon [mu:n] | n. | 1) 月亮，月相 2) （通常作 the moon）（also the Moon）月球 |
| brake [breik] | vi. | 用闸减速，刹车 |
| most [mәust] | ad. | 1) 最(与形容词或副词连用构成最高级） 2) (程度上）最大，最多，最高 |
| critical ['kritikәl] | a. | 1) 批评的，批判性的，挑剔的 2) 极重要的，关键的，至关紧要的 |
| orbital ['ɔ:bitәl] | a. | 1) (行星域空间物体)轨道的 2) (道路) (城市)外环路的 |
| control [kәn'trәul] | n. | 1) 控制(能力)，操纵(能力) 2) 限制，约束，管制 3) 操纵装置，开关，按钮 4) 管理权，支配权 |
| during ['djuәriŋ] | prep. | 在...期间 |
| flight [flait] | n. | 1) 航班飞机，班机 2) (空中)航行，航程 3) 飞行, 飞翔 |
| lunar ['lu:nә] | a. | 1) 月的；月球的 2) 农历的，阴历的 |
| satellite ['sætlait] | n. | 1) 卫星 2) 人造卫星 |
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