高考英语模拟试题阅读理解精选编讲第145篇——秒词邦背单词app
You know the saying "You're as young as you feel." Well, there may be some truth t, according to that, according to researchers at Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Ellen Langer, a Harvard psychologist who studies how the mind influences the body, and colleagues reviewed the scientific literature for evidence that a person’s perception of their age might influence their health. They published their results in the journal Perspectives on Psychological Science.
In one study that Langer led, 47 women had their hair done. The women who thought their new hairdos made them look younger did look younger to objective observers, who were shown before-and-after pictures. The women who thought they looked younger also showed a drop in blood pressure. Another study involving 4,421 men found that thise who became bald(秃顶)at a relatively young age were more likely to get cancer and heart disease than men who did not. Similarly, another study involving 2,017 men found that those who lost their hair early were more likely to develop heart disease. “We believe that the feelings associated with being older than one’s real age account for some of these health outcomes,” the researchers wrote.
The researchers also described studies that found that women who had children later in life were more likely to be healthier and live longer than those who had children early, which they attributed to the fact that these mothers tend to spend more time with younger women. Similarly, people who marry younger partners tend to live longer than those who marry older partners, according to other studies.
Taken together, the research “supports the general mind-body hypothesis(假说)that when a younger mind is prepared, a younger body can accompany it.” While the mechanism remains unclear, the researchers figured that suggestions associated with aging can “make one unconsciously or consciously aware of old age and set in motion a series of physiological processes that can have real effects on short-term and long-term health.”
哈佛大学和麻省理工学院的研究人员表示，你知道“你觉得自己年轻就年轻”这句话。
哈佛大学研究心理如何影响身体的心理学家Ellen Langer及其同事查阅了科学文献，寻找证据表明一个人对年龄的感知可能会影响他们的健康。他们将研究结果发表在《心理科学展望》杂志上。
在兰格领导的一项研究中，47名女性做了头发。在客观观察者看来，那些认为自己的新发型让自己看起来更年轻的女性确实看起来更年轻，照片前后都有这些观察者。那些认为自己看起来更年轻的女性的血压也有所下降。另一项涉及4421名男性的研究发现，这个人变成了秃头(秃顶)在相对年轻的时候比没有患癌症和心脏病的男性更容易患上癌症和心脏病。同样，另一项涉及2017名男性的研究发现，那些过早脱发的人更有可能患上心脏病。研究人员写道：“我们认为，与比实际年龄大有关的感觉是造成这些健康结果的原因。”。
研究人员还描述了一些研究，这些研究发现，晚育的女性比早育的女性更健康，寿命更长，他们将此归因于这些母亲往往花更多时间陪伴年轻女性。同样，根据其他研究，嫁给年轻伴侣的人往往比嫁给年长伴侣的人活得更长。
总之，这项研究“支持了一般的身心假设”(假说)虽然机制尚不清楚，但研究人员认为，与衰老相关的建议可以“让人无意识或有意识地意识到衰老，并启动一系列生理过程，这些生理过程会对短期和长期健康产生真正的影响。”
句子成分分析：
Well, there may be some truth t, [according to that], [according to researchers] [at Harvard and the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology].
句子语法结构详解：
* there 引导 there be ... 句型, 表示“有”的意思。
* be 为系动词作谓语。
* may 为情态动词。that 为指示代词。the 为定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
according to | 根据，据（某人）所述 |
Massachusetts Institute of Technology | 麻省理工学院 |
Vocabulary:
well [wel] | I | 1) （停顿后继续说下去）噢，嗯 2) (表示惊奇、宽慰或愤怒)哟， 哎呀, 啊, 好啦 |
some [sʌm] | a. | 1) 一些 2) 某一, 某个 |
truth [tru:θ] | n. | 1) 真实，真相 2) 真理 |
that [ðæt] | pron | 1) 那(个) 2) (在句中作关系代词, 连接从句) |
researcher [ri:'sә:tʃә] | n. | 研究人员 |
Harvard | n. | 哈佛大学 |
and [ænd] | conj. | 1) 和, 与, 同, 并 2) 然后，接着 |
句子成分分析：
[Similarly], another study involving 2,017 men found | that those (who lost their hair [early]) were more likely
todevelop heart disease.
句子语法结构详解：
(found 为 find 的过去式。lost 为 lose 的过去式。men 为 man 的复数形式。)
* involving 为现在分词，作后置定语。
* found 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* that 为连词，引导宾语从句。
* who 为关系代词，引导定语从句。
* lost 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* were 为系动词作谓语，采用一般过去时。
* likely 为形容词作表语。
* to develop 为不定式，作状语。
* their 为形容词型物主代词。those 为指示代词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
be likely to do sth | (很)可能... |
Vocabulary:
similarly ['similәli] | ad. | 1) 同样；也 2) 相似地；类似地；差不多地 |
another [ә'nʌðә] | a. | 另外的, 再一的 |
study ['stʌdi] | n. | 1) 学习，研究 2) 作业，学业 |
involve [in'vɔlv] | vt. | 1) （使）参加，加入 2) 包含，需要，使成为必然部分（或结果） |
man [mæn] | n. | 1) 人，人类 2) 男人 |
find [faind] | vt. | 1) （意外或偶然地）发现，碰到 2) 找到，找回 |
those [ðәuz] | pron | 那些 |
lose [lu:z] | vt. | 1) 失去,损失，丧失 2) 丢失,遗失 |
hair [hєә] | n. | 1) 头发，毛发 2) 茸毛 |
early ['ә:li] | ad. | 1) 提早，提前 2) 在早期，在初期 |
more [mɔ:] | ad. | 1) 更加; 更甚 2) (与形容词或副词连用，构成比较级)更 |
develop [di'velәp] | vt. | 1) （症状或某状况积累后）患(病), 出现(问题) 2) 发展, 使壮大 |
heart [hɑ:t] | n. | 1) 心脏 2) 内心，心肠 |
disease [di'zi:z] | n. | 1) 疾病 2) 顽疾，弊端，痼疾 |
句子成分分析：
who marry younger partners| tend tolive [longer] [than those (who marry older partners)], [according to other studies].
句子语法结构详解：
(younger 为 young 的比较级形式, longer 为 long 的比较级形式, older 为 old 的比较级形式)
* 第1个 who 为连接代词，引导主语从句。
* 第1个 marry 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* tend 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* to live 为不定式，作状语。
* 第2个 who 为关系代词，引导定语从句。
* 第2个 marry 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* those 为指示代词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
tend to do sth | 倾向于, 趋于 |
according to | 根据，据（某人）所述 |
Vocabulary:
marry ['mæri] | vt. | 1) 和（某人）结婚，嫁，娶 2) 为……主持婚礼，操办婚礼 |
young [jʌŋ] | a. | 1) 年轻的，岁数不大的，相对年轻的 2) 幼小的，未成熟的 |
partner ['pɑ:tnә] | n. | 1) 伙伴, 搭档，舞伴 2) 合伙人 3) 配偶，性伴侣 |
live [liv] | vi. | 1) 活，活着，生存 2) 居住, 住 |
than [ðæn] | prep. | 比 |
marry ['mæri] | vt. | 1) 和（某人）结婚，嫁，娶 2) 为……主持婚礼，操办婚礼 |
old [әuld] | a. | 1) 老的，年纪大的，不年轻的 2) 具体年龄，（多少）岁，年纪 |
other ['ʌðә] | a. | 1) 其他的, 另外的, 其余的 2) 另一 |
study ['stʌdi] | n. | 1) 学习，研究 2) 作业，学业 |
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