高考英语模拟试题阅读理解精选编讲第111篇——蜂贝微信小程序

The more hours that young children spend in child care, the more likely they are to turn out aggressive and disobedient by the time they are in kindergarten, according to the largest study of child care and development ever conducted. Researchers said this correlation （相关性）held true regardless of whether the children came from rich or poor homes, were looked after by a relative or at a center, and whether they were girls or boys.[

   What is uncertain, however, is whether the child care actually causes the problem or whether children likely to turn out aggressive happen to be those who spend more hours in child care. It also remains unclear whether reducing the amount of time in child care will reduce the risk that a child will turn into a mean person. What’s more, quality child care is associated with increased skills in intellectual ability such as language and memory, leading some academics to suggest that child care turns out children who are “smart and naughty”.

The government-sponsored research, which has tracked more than 1,300 children at 10 sites across the country since 1991, is bound to cause the debate over child care again: How should people balance work and family? And how should parents, especially mothers. Resolve the demands that are placed on them to be both breadwinners and supermoms?

That debate was already on display at a new br iefing yesterday, where researchers themselves had different opinions about the data and its implications （含义）. “There is a constant relationship between time in care and problem behavior, especially those involving aggression and behavior,” said Jay Belsky of Birkbeck College in London. one of the lead investigators of the study who has previously annoyed women’s groups because of his criticisms of child care. “On behalf of fathers or mothers?” interrupted Sarah Friedman, a developmental psychologist at the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and one of the other lead scientists on the study. “On behalf of parents and families,” responded Belsky.

“NICHD is not willing to get into policy recommendations.” said Friedman, contradicting her colleague. “There are other possibilities that can be entertained. Yes it is a quick solution-more hours in child care is associated with more problems. The easy solution is to cut the number of hours but that may have implications for the family that may not be beneficial for the development of the children in terms of economics.” In an interview after the briefing, Friedman said that asking parents to work fewer hours and spend more  time with their children usually meant a loss of family income, which adversely（不利地）affects children.

Scientists said that the study was highly reliable. But the researchers said they had no idea whether the behavioral difficulties persisted as the children moved to higher grades.[

根据有史以来规模最大的儿童保育和发展研究，幼儿在儿童保育方面花费的时间越多，到幼儿园时，他们就越有可能变得好斗和不听话。研究人员表示，这种相关性(相关性）无论孩子们来自富裕还是贫穷的家庭，由亲戚照顾还是在中心照顾，无论他们是女孩还是男孩，都是正确的。

然而，不确定的是，儿童保育是否真的造成了这个问题，或者可能变得好斗的儿童是否恰好是那些在儿童保育中花费更多时间的儿童。目前还不清楚减少照顾孩子的时间是否会降低孩子变成坏人的风险。此外，高质量的儿童保育与语言和记忆等智力能力的提高有关，这导致一些学者认为，儿童保育会培养出“聪明和顽皮”的孩子。

自1991年以来，这项由政府资助的研究在全国10个地点追踪了1300多名儿童，势必会再次引发关于儿童保育的争论：人们应该如何平衡工作和家庭？父母，尤其是母亲应该怎么做。解决对她们既是养家糊口者又是超级妈妈的要求？

这场争论已经在昨天的一次新会议上得到了展示，研究人员自己对数据及其含义有不同的看法(含义）. 伦敦伯克贝克学院的Jay Belsky说：“照顾时间和问题行为之间有着持续的关系，尤其是那些涉及攻击性和行为的行为。”。这项研究的主要调查人员之一，此前曾因批评儿童保育而惹恼妇女团体。“代表父亲还是母亲？”国家儿童健康与人类发展研究所（NICHD）的发展心理学家莎拉·弗里德曼（Sarah Friedman）打断了她的话，她也是该研究的其他主要科学家之一。“代表父母和家庭，”贝尔斯基回应道。

弗里德曼反驳她的同事说：“NICHD不愿意参与政策建议。”。“还有其他可能性可以考虑。是的，这是一个快速的解决方案，更多的儿童保育时间会带来更多的问题。简单的解决方案是减少工作时间，但这可能会对家庭产生影响，从经济角度来看，这可能对孩子的发展不利。”在简报会后的一次采访中，弗里德曼说，要求父母减少工作时间，花更多时间陪伴孩子通常意味着家庭收入的损失，这会产生不利影响(不利地）影响儿童。

科学家们说这项研究非常可靠。但研究人员表示，他们不知道随着孩子们升入更高的年级，行为困难是否会持续存在。

句子成分分析：

Resolve the demands (that are placed on them to be both breadwinners and supermoms)?

句子语法结构详解：

* resolve 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* that 为关系代词，引导定语从句。
* placed 为谓语，采用一般现在时和被动语态。
* to be 为不定式，作状语。
* be 为系动词。
* 句中含有 both...and... 并列结构，意为“……和……（两者）都”；“既...又...”。
* them 为人称代词宾格。are 为助动词。the 为定冠词。

句子相关词汇解释：

Phrase:

Vocabulary:

句子成分分析：

The easy solution is tocut the number (of hours) || but that may have implications [for the family (that may not be beneficial 

[for the development (of the children)] [in terms (of economics)])]

句子语法结构详解：

(children 为 child 的复数形式。)

* is 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* to cut 为不定式，作表语。
* but 为并列连词，连接并列句，表转折。
* 第1个 that 为指示代词。
* have 为谓语。
* 第2个 that 为关系代词，引导定语从句。
* be 为系动词作谓语。
* beneficial 为形容词作表语。
* may 为情态动词。the 为定冠词。

句子相关词汇解释：

Phrase:

Vocabulary:

句子成分分析：

But the researchers said | they had no idea (whether the behavioral difficulties persisted) || as the children moved to higher grades.

句子语法结构详解：

(said 为 say 的过去式。children 为 child 的复数形式。higher 为 high 的比较级形式)

* said 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* they 开头为宾语从句，引导词 that 被省略。
* had 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* whether 为连词，引导同位语从句。
* persisted 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* as 为连词，引导状语从句。
* moved 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* they 为人称代词主格。the 为定冠词。

句子相关词汇解释：

Vocabulary:

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