高考英语模拟试题阅读理解精选编讲第97篇——蜂贝微信小程序
The sharing economy, represented by companies like Airbnb or Uber, is the latest fashion craze. But many supporters have overlooked the reality that this new business model is largely based on escaping regulations and breaking the law.
Airbnb is an Internet-based service that allows people to rent out spare rooms to strangers for short stays. Uber is an Internet taxi service that allows thousands of people to answer ride requests with their own cars. There are hundreds of other such services.
The good thing about the sharing economy is that it promotes the use of underused resources. Millions of people have houses or apartments with empty rooms, and Airbnb allows them to profit from these rooms while allowing guests a place to stay at prices that are often far less than those charged by hotels. Uber offers prices that are competitive with standard taxi prices and their drivers are often much quicker and more trustworthy.
But the downside of the sharing economy has gotten much less attention. Most cities and states both tax and regulate hotels, and the tourists who stay in hotels are usually an important source of tax income. But many of Airbnb’s customers are not paying the taxes required under the law.
Airbnb can also raise issues of safety for its customers and trouble for hosts’ neighbors. Hotels are regularly inspected to ensure that they are not fire traps and that they don’t form other risks for visitors. Airbnb hosts face no such inspections.
Since Airbnb is allowing people to escape taxes and regulations, the company is simply promoting thefts. Others in the economy will lose by bearing an additional tax burden or being forced to live next to an apartment unit with a never-ending series of noisy visitors.
The same story may apply with Uber. Uber is currently in disputes over whether its cars meet the safety and insurance requirements imposed on standard taxis. Also, if Uber and related services flood the market, they could harm all taxi drivers’ ability to earn a minimum wage.
This downside of the sharing needs to be taken seriously, but that doesn’t mean the current tax and regulatory structure i s perfect.
以Airbnb或优步等公司为代表的共享经济是最新的时尚热潮。但许多支持者忽视了一个现实，即这种新的商业模式在很大程度上是建立在逃避监管和违法的基础上的。
Airbnb是一项基于互联网的服务，允许人们将多余的房间出租给陌生人进行短期住宿。优步是一项互联网出租车服务，允许数千人用自己的车回答乘车请求。还有数百种其他此类服务。
共享经济的好处在于它促进了未充分利用的资源的利用。数以百万计的人拥有空房间的房子或公寓，Airbnb允许他们从这些房间中获利，同时允许客人以通常远低于酒店收费的价格入住。优步提供的价格与标准出租车价格具有竞争力，他们的司机往往更快、更值得信赖。
但共享经济的负面影响却没有得到太多关注。大多数城市和州都对酒店征税和监管，住在酒店的游客通常是税收收入的重要来源。但爱彼迎的许多客户没有缴纳法律规定的税款。
爱彼迎还可能给客户带来安全问题，给房东的邻居带来麻烦。酒店定期接受检查，以确保它们不是防火陷阱，也不会对游客构成其他风险。Airbnb的房东没有面临这样的检查。
由于爱彼迎允许人们逃避税收和监管，该公司只是在宣传盗窃行为。经济中的其他人将因承担额外的税收负担或被迫住在一个公寓单元旁边，那里有没完没了的吵闹访客而遭受损失。
优步可能也有同样的情况。优步目前就其汽车是否符合标准出租车的安全和保险要求存在争议。此外，如果优步和相关服务充斥市场，可能会损害所有出租车司机赚取最低工资的能力。
这种分享的不利影响需要认真对待，但这并不意味着目前的税收和监管结构是完美的。
句子成分分析：
The sharing economy, <represented [by companies (like Airbnb or Uber)]>, is the latest fashion craze.
句子语法结构详解：
(latest 为 late 的最高级形式)
* sharing 为动名词，与 economy 构成合成名词。
* represented 为过去分词。
* is 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* the 为定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Vocabulary:
share [ʃєә] | vi. | 1) 分享，共享 2) 共有，合用 |
economy [i'kɔnәmi] | n. | 1) 经济，经济状况 2) 经济体 |
represent [,repri'zent] | vt. | 1) 代表 2) 作为……的发言人，维护……的利益 |
company ['kʌmpәni] | n. | 1) 公司 2) 陪伴 |
like [laik] | prep. | 1) 例如, 比方 2) 像,类似, 相似 |
or [ɔ:] | conj. | 1) 或，或者，还是 2) 否则，要不然 |
late [leit] | a. | 1) (latest)最新的，最近的 2) 晚的，迟的 |
fashion ['fæʃәn] | n. | 1) 时尚 2) 流行款式 |
craze [kreiz] | n. | (通常为一时的）狂热，疯狂；风行一时的东西 |
句子成分分析：
Millions of people have houses or apartments [with empty rooms], || and Airbnb allows them to profit from these rooms || while allowing guests a place tostay at prices (that are [often] far less than those charged [by hotels]).
句子语法结构详解：
* have 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* and 为并列连词，连接并列句。
* allows 为谓语，采用一般现在时。动词采用第三人称单数形式。
* to profit 为不定式，作宾语补足语(或称复合宾语)。
* while 为连词，引导状语从句。
* allowing 为现在分词。
* allowing 为双宾动词。guests 为间接宾语，place 为直接宾语。
* to stay 为不定式，作状语。
* that 为关系代词，引导定语从句。
* are 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* charged 为过去分词，作后置定语。
* them 为人称代词宾格。those 为指示代词。a 为不定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
millions of | 数百万,千百万, 无数 |
profit from... | 从...获益；从...得到帮助；从...吸取教训 |
far less than | 大大少于 |
Vocabulary:
people ['pi:pl] | n. | 1) 人，人们，大家 2) 国民，人民，臣民，群众 |
have [hæv] | vt. | 1) 有，持有 2) 吃，喝, 抽(烟) 3) 患病，出现(某症状) |
house [haus] | n. | 1) 房子，房屋 2) 全家人 |
or [ɔ:] | conj. | 1) 或，或者，还是 2) 否则，要不然 |
apartment [ә'pɑ:tmәnt] | n. | 1) （通常指在同一楼层的）公寓套房 2) （租赁的）度假套房 |
empty ['empti] | a. | 1) 空的 2) （言语或行动）空洞的，说话不算数的，无诚意的 |
room [ru:m] | n. | 1) 房间，室，客房 2) 空间，余地 |
allow [ә'lau] | vt. | 1) 允许，准许 2) 给予 |
vt. | 1) 允许，准许 2) 给予 | |
these [ði:z] | a. | 这些 |
while [hwail] | conj. | 1) 当...的时候:, 在...期间; 2) 而, 然而(表示对比或相反) 3) 虽然 |
guest [gest] | n. | 1) 客人 2) 旅客 |
place [pleis] | n. | 1) 位置，地点，场所，地方 2) 城镇（或建筑物等） |
stay [stei] | vi. | 1) 停留,呆一段时间 2) 保持, 继续是 |
price [prais] | n. | 1) 价格，价钱，物价 2) 代价 |
often ['ɔ:fn] | ad. | 常常; 经常; 时常 |
those [ðәuz] | pron | 那些 |
charge [tʃɑ:dʒ] | vt. | 1) 收(费)，要价 2) 指控，控告，起诉 |
hotel [hәu'tel] | n. | 旅馆，饭店 |
句子成分分析：
Hotels are [regularly] inspected to.ensure | that they are not fire traps and | that they don't form other risks [for visitors].
句子语法结构详解：
(don't = do not)
* 第1个 are 为助动词。
* inspected 为谓语，采用一般现在时和被动语态。
* to ensure 为不定式，作状语。
* 第1个 that 为连词，引导宾语从句。
* 第2个 are 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* 第2个 that 为连词，引导宾语从句。
* form 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* they 为人称代词主格。do 为助动词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
fire trap | 发生火灾时难以逃生的建筑物 |
Vocabulary:
hotel [hәu'tel] | n. | 旅馆，饭店 |
regularly ['regjulәli] | ad. | 1) 经常 2) 有规律地；正常地；间隙均匀地 |
inspect [in'spekt] | vt. | 1) 检查，查看，审视 2) 视察 |
ensure [in'ʃuә] | vt. | 保证，担保，确保 |
and [ænd] | conj. | 1) 和, 与, 同, 并 2) 然后，接着 |
form [fɔ:m] | vt. | 1) 形成 2) 成立，建立，创立 |
other ['ʌðә] | a. | 1) 其他的, 另外的, 其余的 2) 另一 |
risk [risk] | n. | 1) 危险，风险 2) 危险人物，会带来风险的事物 |
visitor ['vizitә] | n. | 游客，参观者 |
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