高考英语模拟试题阅读理解精选编讲第83篇——秒词邦背单词app
Global Positioning Systems are now a part of everyday driving in many countries.These satellite-based systems provide turn-by-turn directions to help people get to where they want to go.But,they can also cause a lot of problems, send you to the wrong place or leave you completely lost.Many times,the driver is to blame.Sometimes a GPS error is responsible.Most often,says Barry Brown,an expert in human-computer interaction,it is a combination of the two.
We spoke to Mr Brown by Skype (网络电话软件).He told us about an incident involving a friend who had flown to an airport in the eastern United States.There he borrow ed a GPS-equipped car to use during his stay.Barry Brown:“And they just plugged in an address and then set off to their destination.And,then it wasn't until they were driving for thirty minutes that they realized they actually put in a destination back on the West Coast where they lived.They actually put their home address ia So again,the GPS is kind of 'garbage in garbage out'”.
Mr Brown says this is a common human error.But,he says,what makes the problem worse has to do with some of the shortcomings,or failures,of GPS equipment.Barry Brown:“One problem with a lot of the GPS units is they have a very small screen and they just tell you the next turn.Because they just give you the next turn,sometimes that means that it is not really giving you the overview that you would need to know that it's going to the wrong place.”
Barry Brown once worked on a project with Eric Laurier from the University of Edinb urgh.The two men studied the effects of GPS devices on driving by placing cameras in people's cars.They wrote a paper based on their research.It is called “The Normal,Natural Troubles of Driving with GPS”.It lists several areas where GPS systems can cause confusion for drivers.These include maps that are outdated,incorrect or difficult to understand.They also include timing issues related to when GPS commands are given.
Barry Brown says to make GPS systems better we need a better understanding of how drivers,passengers and GPS systems work together.
全球定位系统现在已成为许多国家日常驾驶的一部分。这些基于卫星的系统提供转弯指示，帮助人们到达他们想去的地方。但是，它们也会造成很多问题，把你送到错误的地方，或者让你完全迷失方向。很多时候，司机都是罪魁祸首。有时是GPS错误造成的。人机交互专家巴里·布朗说，大多数情况下，这是两者的结合。
我们通过Skype与布朗先生通话(网络电话软件).他向我们讲述了一件事，一位朋友飞往美国东部的一个机场，在那里他借了一辆装有GPS的汽车在逗留期间使用。巴里·布朗：“他们只是输入了一个地址，然后就出发去了目的地。直到他们开了30分钟的车，他们才意识到他们实际上把目的地放回了他们居住的西海岸。他们实际上把自己的家庭地址放进了ia。所以，GPS有点像‘垃圾桶里的垃圾’。”。
布朗表示，这是一个常见的人为错误。但是，他说，让问题变得更糟的是GPS设备的一些缺点或故障。Barry Brown：“很多GPS设备的一个问题是，它们的屏幕很小，只会告诉你下一个转弯。因为它们只会给你下一次转弯，有时这意味着它并没有真正给你一个你需要知道它会去错地方的概览。”
巴里·布朗曾与埃丁堡大学的埃里克·劳里尔合作过一个项目。两人通过在人们的车上安装摄像头来研究GPS设备对驾驶的影响。他们根据自己的研究写了一篇论文。它被称为“使用GPS驾驶的正常、自然问题”。它列出了GPS系统可能给驾驶员带来困惑的几个领域。其中包括过时、不正确或难以理解的地图。它们还包括与何时发出GPS命令相关的定时问题。
BarryBrown说，为了使GPS系统更好，我们需要更好地了解驾驶员、乘客和GPS系统是如何协同工作的。
句子成分分析：
Global Positioning Systems are [now] a part (of everyday driving) [in many countries].
句子语法结构详解：
* are 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* a 为不定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Vocabulary:
global ['glәubl] | a. | 1) 全球的，全世界的 2) 整体的，全面的，总括的 |
system ['sistәm] | n. | 1) 系统 2) （思想或理论）体系 |
now [nau] | ad. | 现在, 目前 |
part [pɑ:t] | n. | 1) 部分 2) 部件，零件 3) 角色，台词 |
everyday ['evri'dei] | a. | 每天的，每日发生的，日常的 |
driving ['draiviŋ] | n. | 驾驶，行驶，开车 |
many ['meni] | a. | 许多, 很多 |
country ['kʌntri] | n. | 1) 国家 2) 乡村 |
句子成分分析：
It is called "The Normal, Natural Troubles (of Driving) [with GPS".It lists several areas (where GPS systems can cause confusion for drivers)].
句子语法结构详解：
* called 为谓语，采用一般现在时和被动语态。
* where 为关系副词，引导定语从句。
* cause 为谓语。
* can 为情态动词。is 为助动词。the 为定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Vocabulary:
call [kɔ:l] | vt. | 1) 大声叫，大声说 2) 把……叫做，称呼 |
normal ['nɔ:ml] | n. | 常态，通常标准，一般水平 |
natural ['nætʃәrәl] | a. | 1) 自然的，天然的 2) 正常的，自然的，意料之中的 |
trouble ['trʌbl] | n. | 1) 问题，困难，苦恼 2) 疾病，病痛 |
driving ['draiviŋ] | n. | 驾驶，行驶，开车 |
list [list] | n. | 1) 名单，目录，清单 2) （船）倾斜 |
several ['sevәrәl] | pron | 几个 |
area ['єәriә] | n. | 1) 地区，区域，地域 2) 面积 3) （物体上的）区，部位 4) 领域，方面 |
GPS | n. | 全球定位系统（全写为global positioning system） |
system ['sistәm] | n. | 1) 系统 2) （思想或理论）体系 |
cause [kɔ:z] | vt. | 使发生，造成，引起，导致 |
confusion [kәn'fju:ʒәn] | n. | 1) 混淆，混同 2) 困惑，不确定 |
driver ['draivә] | n. | 1) 驾驶员 2) （计算机）驱动程序 |
句子成分分析：
BarryBrown: "One problem (with a lot (of the GPS units)) is | they have a very small screen || and they just tell you the next turn.
句子语法结构详解：
* is 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* 第1个 they 开头为表语从句，引导词 that 被省略。
* have 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* and 为并列连词，连接并列句。
* tell 为双宾动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。you 为间接宾语，turn 为直接宾语。
* you 为人称代词。they 为人称代词主格。the 为定冠词。a 为不定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
a lot | 很多， 大量 |
Vocabulary:
one [wʌn] | a. | 1) 一的；一个的；一个人的 2) 单独一个的, 仅仅一个的 |
problem ['prɔblәm] | n. | 1) 棘手的问题，难题，困难 2) 逻辑题，数学题 |
GPS | n. | 全球定位系统（全写为global positioning system） |
unit ['ju:nit] | n. | 1) 单独的事物，单位，单元 2) [商]一件商品 |
have [hæv] | vt. | 1) 有，持有 2) 吃，喝, 抽(烟) 3) 患病，出现(某症状) |
very ['veri] | ad. | 1) 很, 非常 2) (用于形容词最高级或单词own之前, 表强调)真正, 十足 |
small [smɔ:l] | a. | 1) （尺寸、数量、程度等）小的 2) （服装、食品、家用设施等）小号的，小型的 |
screen [skri:n] | n. | 1) 屏风，幕， 帘，隔板 2) 屏幕，荧光屏 |
and [ænd] | conj. | 1) 和, 与, 同, 并 2) 然后，接着 |
just [dʒʌst] | ad. | 1) 只,仅仅 2) 刚,刚刚 |
tell [tel] | vt. | 1) 告诉，告知 2) 讲述，说，表达 |
next ['nekst] | a. | 1) 下一个的， 紧接着的，接下来的 2) 紧随其后的，下一个的 |
turn [tә:n] | n. | 1) 转动, 旋转 2) 拐弯, 转向 |
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