高考英语模拟试题阅读理解精选编讲第053篇——秒词邦微信小程序
A“memory pill”that could aid exam revision and help to prevent people forgetting important anniversaries may soon be available over the counter.
The medicine has been designed originally to help treat Alzheimer’s disease, a disease marked by progressive loss of mental capacity resulting from weakening of the brain cells, but could be adapted and licensed for sale in a weaker form within the next few years.
One brand of memory-enhancing(增强记忆的)pill is being developed by the multinational company AstraZeneca together with Targacept, an American company, while Epix Pharmaceuticals, also from the US, is developing another.
Both have “Cognitive(认知的)-enhancing effects which are aimed at treating patients with age-related memory loss.
Steven Ferris, a neurologist and former committee member of the Food and Drug Administration in the US, has predicted that a milder version will be available for healthy consumers as a lifestyle pill available over the counter.
Dr. Ferris said: “My view is that one could gain approval, provided you showed the drugs to be effective and safe. It could be a huge market.”
There is evidence that mind-improving drugs are already being taken in Britain by healthy users.
Provigil, which was used to treat narcolepsy, is being taken by some students to help them stay awake. while Adderall XR and Ritalin, treatments for attention deficit disorder(注意力缺乏症), are being used to help promote concentration.
A spokesman of Adderall XR said: “We get a lot of calls from college campuses asking about it. “There are risks though. It can raise blood pressure, people shouldn’t do it.”
The department of Health said it v as not illegal to buy the medicines over the Internet, but it was not recommended.
Barbara Sahakian, professor of clinical neuropsychology at Cambridge, said:“It’s hard to quantify the scale of the phenomenon but it’s definitely catching on. ’
“The reality is that we are not always at our best. After being up at night looking after the kids or travelling. many people would love to have something to refresh them. It’s not prohibited to drink Red Bull. The principle with cognition enhancers is not so different. ”
一种“记忆药丸”可能很快就会上市，它可以帮助复习考试，防止人们忘记重要的周年纪念日。
该药物最初是为了帮助治疗阿尔茨海默病而设计的，阿尔茨海默病是一种因脑细胞减弱而导致智力逐渐丧失的疾病，但可能在未来几年内进行调整并以较弱的形式获得销售许可。
一个品牌的记忆增强(增强记忆的)该药丸由跨国公司阿斯利康和美国坦格西普公司共同开发，而同样来自美国的Epix Pharmaceuticals正在开发另一种。
两者都有“认知(认知的)-旨在治疗与年龄相关的记忆丧失患者的增强效果。
美国食品药品监督管理局前委员会成员、神经学家史蒂文·费里斯预测，健康消费者将可以买到一种温和的生活方式药丸。
费里斯博士说：“我的观点是，只要你证明这些药物是有效和安全的，就可以获得批准。这可能是一个巨大的市场。”
有证据表明，在英国，健康的使用者已经在服用改善精神的药物。
一些学生服用了用来治疗嗜睡症的Provigil来帮助他们保持清醒。Adderall XR和Ritalin治疗注意力缺陷障碍(注意力缺乏症), 被用来帮助提高注意力。
Adderall XR的一位发言人说：“我们接到了很多来自大学校园的电话，询问此事。”尽管存在风险。它会升高血压，人们不应该这样做
卫生部表示，通过互联网购买这些药物并不违法，但不建议这样做。
剑桥大学临床神经心理学教授Barbara Sahakian说：“很难量化这种现象的规模，但它肯定会流行起来。”
“事实是，我们并不总是处于最佳状态。在晚上照顾孩子或旅行后。许多人都想喝点什么来提神醒脑。喝红牛并不被禁止。认知增强剂的原理也没什么不同。”
句子成分分析：
while Epix Pharmaceuticals, <also from the US>, is developing another.
Both have "Cognitive(认知的)-enhancing effects (which are aimed at treating patients [with age-related memory loss]).
句子语法结构详解：
* while 为连词，引导状语从句。
* developing 为谓语，采用现在进行时。
* have 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* which 为关系代词，引导定语从句。
* aimed 为谓语，采用一般现在时和被动语态。
* treating 为现在分词作定语
* us 为人称代词宾格。another, both 为不定代词。is, are 为助动词。the 为定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
aim...at... | 将...瞄准..., 将...对准... |
Vocabulary:
while [hwail] | conj. | 1) 当...的时候:, 在...期间; 2) 而, 然而(表示对比或相反) 3) 虽然 |
also ['ɔ:lsәu] | ad. | 而且；此外；也；同样 |
US [ʌs] | abbr | ( = United States) 美国 |
develop [di'velәp] | vt. | 1) 发展, 使壮大 2) 开发，研制 |
another [ә'nʌðә] | pron | 另一个人或事物 |
both [bәuθ] | n. | 两者(都) |
have [hæv] | vt. | 1) 有，持有 2) 吃，喝, 抽(烟) 3) 患病，出现(某症状) |
effect [i'fekt] | n. | 1) 效果，影响，作用 2) （艺术家，作家创作想得到的）效果，印象 |
treat [tri:t] | vt. | 1) 招待，款待，请（客），买（可享受的东西） 2) 以……态度对待，以……方式对待 |
patient ['peiʃәnt] | n. | 病人（尤指医院里的） |
memory ['memәri] | n. | 1) 记忆，记忆力，记性 2) 记忆所及的时期，回忆所及的范围 |
loss [lɔs] | n. | 1) 丧失，损失，丢失 2) 亏损，亏蚀 |
句子成分分析：
There is evidence (that mindimproving drugs are [already] being taken [in Britain] [by healthy users]).
句子语法结构详解：
(taken 为 take 的过去分词。)
* there 引导 there be ... 句型, 表示“有”的意思。
* is 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* that 为连词，引导同位语从句。
* taken 为谓语，采用现在进行时和被动语态。
* are, being 为助动词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Vocabulary:
evidence ['evidәns] | n. | 1) 根据，证据 2) （法庭上的）证据，人证，物证，证词 |
drug [drʌg] | n. | 1) 药物 2) 毒品 |
already [ɔ:l'redi] | ad. | 1) 已经；早已 2) （表示惊奇）已经，都 |
take [teik] | vt. | 1) 拿开，取出 2) 拿，抱, 握，取, 抓住 3) 携带, 运载 |
Britain ['britәn] | n. | 英国 |
healthy ['helθi] | a. | 1) 健康的，健壮的 2) 有益于健康的 |
user ['ju:zә] | n. | 1) 用户，使用者 2) [俚]瘾君子，吸毒成性的人 |
句子成分分析：
The reality is | that we are not [always] at our best.
After being up [at night] looking after the kids or travelling.
句子语法结构详解：
* is 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* that 为连词，引导表语从句。
* are 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* being 为动名词，作介词宾语。
* being 为系动词。
* at night looking 为动名词，作介词宾语。
* travelling 为动名词。
* we 为人称代词主格。our 为形容词型物主代词。the 为定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
look after... | 1) 照料, 照顾, 照看 2) 负责, 看管 |
at night | 在晚上 |
Vocabulary:
reality [ri'æliti] | n. | 1) 现实，实际情况 2) 事实，实际经历，见到的事物 |
always ['ɔ:lweiz] | ad. | 1) 总是；每次都是 2) 一直；一贯 |
best [best] | n. | (通常作the best) 最佳，最好（的人或事物) |
after ['ɑ:ftә] | prep. | 1) (时间、次序或位置)在...之后 2) 仅次于 |
kid [kid] | n. | 1) 小孩，年轻人 2) 小山羊 |
or [ɔ:] | conj. | 1) 或，或者，还是 2) 否则，要不然 |
travel ['trævl] | vi. | 1) 长途行走，旅行，游历 2) （以某速度、朝某方向或在某距离内）行进，转送，传播 |
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