40篇文章搞定3500词【秒词邦全国高考冲刺资料研发中心-衡水内部资料引用文献】-21. A Strange Disease

2023-11-09 10:19 来源:秒词邦核心单词微信小程序阅读:345

原文：

When the construction of the firework factory came to the stage of painting, a pump was put in. Then, all the painters in the neighbourhood were defeated by a severe disease whose characteristic was alike to that of a bad burn.

An expert physician was instructed to attend to the victims and handle this case. He was enthusiastic, but he didn’t foresee that it was a hard challenge. After simple enquiry, he announced that the polluted paint was to blame. But without positive evidence, people suspected and rejected his view, saying the theory he put forward made no sense. Being much more strict with himself, he contributed himself to the case. apart from making enquiries, he made detailed charts and analysed the data cautiously. Finally, he drew a scientific conclusion, linking the disease to the radium in the pump. Exposed to radium, a kind of radioactive material in the universe, people absorbed radiation and got sick immediately.

Spinning the pump backward, he took away the radium. This simple movement cured all the victims.

译文：

奇怪的疾病

当那座烟花工厂的建设到了油漆阶段时，一个水泵被安装进来，接着，在它附近的油漆工都得了一种严重的疾病（疾病击败油漆工），其特征与烧伤相似。

一位经验丰富的内科医生被指定去照顾受害者并负责处理这一案例。他热情地投入到工作中，但是却没有预见到这是一次艰难的挑战。在简单的询问后，他就宣布说罪魁祸首是受污染的油漆（油漆应受责备）。但是没有确实的证据，人们很怀疑并拒绝他的观点，都说他提出的理论毫无道理。他对自己要求更加严格，全身心地投入到了案例中来。除了询问，他还制作了详细的图表，谨慎地分析数据，最后，他终于得出了一个科学的结论，把疾病和水泵中的镭联系起来。镭是宇宙中的一种放射性物质，当暴露在镭的辐射中时，人体吸收其射线，立刻染上疾病。

他把水泵向后旋转，拿走了里面的镭，这个简单的动作治愈了所有的受害者。

拼写填空：

When the _____________ [建设] of the _____________ [烟花] _____________ [工厂] came to the _____________ [阶段] of painting, a pump was put in. Then, all the _____________ [油漆工] in the _____________ [附近] were _____________ [打败] by a _____________ [严重的] _____________ [疾病] _____________ _____________ [特征] was _____________ [相似] to that of a bad burn.

An _____________ [专家] _____________ [（内科）医生] was _____________ [指导，指示] to _____________ [照顾] to the _____________ [受害者] and _____________ [处理] this case. He was enthusiastic, but he didn’t _____________ [预测，预见] that it was a hard _____________ [挑战]. After simple _____________ [询问], he _____________ [宣告，告知，宣布] that the _____________ [pollute] paint was to _____________ [责备]. But without _____________ [积极的，有利的，确定的] _____________ [证据], people _____________ [质疑，怀疑] and _____________ [拒绝] his view, saying the _____________ [理论] he _____________ [提出] made _____________ [没有意义]. Being much more _____________ [对……严厉] himself, he _____________ [投入] himself to the case. _____________ [除了] making enquiries, he made _____________ [详细的] charts and analysed the _____________ [数据] _____________ [谨慎地]. Finally, he drew a _____________ [科学的] _____________ [结论], _____________ [link] the _____________ [疾病] to the _____________ [辐射] in the pump. _____________ [expose] to radium, a kind of radioactive _____________ [物质] in the _____________ [宇宙], people _____________ [吸收] radiation and got _____________ [疾病] _____________ [立即，立刻].

Spinning the pump _____________ [向后], he _____________ [拿走] the radium. This _____________ [简单的] _____________ [运动，动作] _____________ [治疗，治愈] all the _____________ [受害者].

短语句型：

序号	短语/句型	意义	例句
1	put in	提出，提交；放入；插入	Could I put in a word?
			我可以插句话吗？
2	be defeated by	被打败	日本被中国打败了。
			Japan was defeated by China.
3	be instructed to do	被指示/要求做某事	He was instructed to take out everything in his clothes.
			他被指示掏出衣服中所有的东西。
4	be to blame	该受责备	Your computer screen may be to blame.
			说不定，这只是你电脑屏幕的错呢。
5	put forward	提出；拿出；放出；推举出	He has put forward new peace proposals.
			他已经提出了新的和平建议。
6	make no sense	毫无意义	What he did makes no sense.
			他所做的压根毫无意义。
7	be strict with	对……严格	My father was very strict with me.
			我父亲对我很严厉。
8	contribute oneself to	献身于……	We must contribute ourselves to the construction and development of our motherland.
			我们必须献身于祖国的建设和发展。
9	apart from	远离，除……之外；且不说；缺少	Apart from anything else I was starving.
			别的不说，我快饿死了。
10	draw a conclusion	得出结论；作结论	I find it difficult to draw a conclusion.
			我觉得很难下结论。
11	expose to	接触；暴露于	I thought being exposed to radiation is dangerous.
			我认为暴露在辐射下很危险。
12	a kind of	一种，一类；某种；有一点	I had a kind of feeling this might happen.
			我当时就隐约地感到会出这样的事。
13	get sick	生病；患病	I'd hate for you to get sick.
			我不想你生病。
14	in the universe	在宇宙中	There is enough power in the Universe!
			宇宙中存在足够的能力！
15	take away	带走，拿走，取走	I'll take away these teacups.
			我会把这些茶杯拿走。

长难句型：

1	原句	Then, all the painters in the neighbourhood were defeated by a severe disease whose characteristic was alike to that of a bad burn.
1	解析	(1) in the neighbourhood是介词短语作后置定语修饰all the painters。先翻译后置定语再翻译其修饰的名词。 (2) were defeated是谓语动词且为被动语态。大家一定要注意谓语动词前面的主语和谓语动词本身的动作发出关系，一般来说可以这样判断是不是要用被动语态：如果主语能够主动发出谓语动作或者根据句子语义是主语发出的动作就是主动关系，不要用被动语态，否则就要用。这里的主语是油漆工（painter），谓语动作为击败（defeat），by a 疾病（severe disease），很明显是油漆工被疾病击败，所以用被动语态。 (3) whose……显然是定语从句，也是后置定语，修饰disease。定语从句whose关系代词只能作定语，意味着定语从句中不缺主语也不缺宾语，而且whose后面肯定是接的一个名词（whose+名词总体作主语或作宾语）。 (4) 定语从句的翻译顺序我们之前已经多次提过：如果定语从句不是很长，可以先翻译定语从句再加一个汉字“的”然后再翻译先行词；如果从句很长，则可以先翻译先行词所在的主句，然后再用解释性的语气翻译定语从句。本句我们选择第二种翻译：……得了一种严重的疾病（直译则为疾病击败油漆工），其特征与烧伤相似。如果采用第一种翻译则为：……得了一种与烧伤相似的严重疾病。 (5) 本句最终翻译为：接着，在它附近的（所有）油漆工都得了一种严重的疾病（疾病击败油漆工），其特征与烧伤相似。
2	原句	He was enthusiastic, but he didn’t foresee that it was a hard challenge.
2	解析	(1) but为并列连词，左右两边连接都不缺成分的句子。左边为主系表结构（形容词作表语），右边为主谓宾结构。 (2) ……foresee that……为宾语从句，做主句谓语didn't foresee的宾语。宾语从句本身又是一个主系表结构（名词作表语）。 (3) 所以本句翻译顺序基本从前到后，没有需要调换的情况：（1）直译：他工作热情，但他并未预测到这是一个艰难的挑战。（2）意译：他热情地投入到工作中，但是却没有预见到这是一次艰难的挑战。
3	原句	Exposed to radium, a kind of radioactive material in the universe, people absorbed radiation and got sick immediately.
3	解析	(1) Exposed to radium过去分词短语作状语，你首先就得往后面看这个过去分词共用的主语是什么？很明显是后面的people。 (2) 暴露（exposed），人（people）和辐射（radium）三者之间的关系：人暴露于辐射中，所以是被动，要用表示被动的过去分词exposed。 (3) a kind of radioactive material in the universe是插入语，解释说明radium，可以翻译为解释性说明的文字，其翻译位置大家可以自己把握。 (4) people absorbed radiation and got sick immediately是主干，主谓宾结构。and并列了absorbed radiation和got sick immediately这两个谓语词组；immediately是副词，修饰got sick。 (5) 我们采用意译：镭是宇宙中的一种放射性物质，当暴露在镭的辐射中时，人体吸收其射线，立刻染上疾病。如果死板的直译会导致完全不通顺：暴露于镭的辐射，一种放射性物质宇宙，人们吸收射线和染上疾病立刻。

核心考点：

组合词

英语单词有很多的构词法，组合法就是其中一种，有很多的单词虽然不认识，但是其组成部分是认识或部分认识，你可以通过其构成来判别词义。比如：firework的fire（火），这个单词肯定和火有关系，直观理解就是和火与作品有关系，就是：精彩难忘的演出（或作品）的意思。本文取“烟火，烟花”之意，还是和火有关。本文其他组合词还有：neighbourhood（neighbour邻居+hood街区=街坊，街区），foresee（for前面的+see看到=之前就看到=预测），radioactive（radio无线电+active活跃的=放射性的，辐射的），backward（back后面，背部+ward有某种方向倾向之意=往后）等。

常见发语词

发语词不是句子主要成分，有自己的意思，可以轻松自如地引导出你要写的句子（句首），又不要太担心这么写下去对不对，一般只具有过渡作用。常见的发语词有：

（1）纯粹的过渡词：29个。

Aah、Aww、Er、Oh、Hah、hm、ugh、uh、um、whoa、yeah、Ah、Eh、hey、ouch、whoo、ooh、whew、yaaas、heh、huh、oi、shh、w...、aye、erm、eww、phew、yo。

（2）既有过渡作用还有意思的：19个。

so、then、there、and、but、right、alright、wow、OK（okay、okey）、Oh my god、well、come on、mm、Jesus、Christ。

状语从句连接词

1. 时间状语从句：

常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until

特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner …… than, hardly ……when, scarcely …… when instantly

2. 地点状语从句: 常用引导词：where

特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere

地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等引导，已经形成了固定的句型:

句型1：Where＋地点从句，（there）＋主句。

【注意】此句型通常译成“哪里……哪里就……”；主句在从句后面时，there可用可不用；如果主句在从句的前面时，一般都不用there。例如：

Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在没有雨水的地方，耕作是困难的，或根本不可能的。

Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成

句型2：Anywhere/ wherever＋地点从句，＋主句。

【注意】anywhere本身是个副词，但是，常可以引导从句，相当于连词，意思相似于wherever, anywhere引导的从句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而wherever本身就是个连词，表示“在何处，无论何处”。例如：

Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.有海就有海员。

3. 原因状语从句: 常用引导词：because=in that, since=now that(既然), as, for(补充说明)

特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that（考虑到）.

4. 目的状语从句：常用引导词：so that, in order that

特殊引导词： for fear

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