高考英语模拟试题阅读理解精选编讲第033篇——秒词邦背单词app
It’s rare that you see the words “shyness” and “letter” in the same sentence.After all,the common viewpoint is that those outgoing and sociable guys make great public speakers and excellent networkers and that those shy people are not.A survey conducted by USA Today referred to 65 percent of executives who believed shyness to be a barrier to leadership.Interestingly,the same article stresses that roughly 40 percent of leaders actually are quite shy—they're just better at adapting themselves to situational demands.Bill Gates,Warren Buffet and Charles Schwab are just a few "innies".
Unlike their outgoing counterparts who are more sensitive to rewards and risk-taking,shy people take a cautious approach to chance.Rather than the flashy chit-chat that defines social gathering,shy people listen attentively to what others say and absorb it before they speak.They're not thinking about what to say while the other person is still talking,but rather listening so they can learn what to say.Along the same lines,shy people share a common love of learning.They are intrinsically（内在地） motivated and therefore seek content regardless of achieving an outside standard.
Being shy can also bring other benefits.Remember being in school and hearing the same kids contribute,until shy little Johnny,who almost never said a word,cut in?Then what happened? Everyone turned around to look with great respect at little Johnny actually talking.This is how shy people made good use of their power of presence: they "own" the moment by speaking calmly and purposefully,which translate to a positive image.
Shyness is often related to modesty.Not to say that limelight-seekers aren't modest,but shy people tend to have an accurate sense of their abilities and achievements.As a result,they are able to acknowledge mistakes,imperfections, knowledge gaps and limitations.
Since shy people have a lower sensitivity to outside rewards than outgoing ones,they're more comfortable working with little information and sticking to their inner desires.Shy people are also more likely to insist on finding solutions that aren't primarily apparent.Don't believe me?Maybe you'll believe Albert Einstein,who once said,"It's not that I'm so smart,it's that I stay with problems longer."Obviously,finding certainty where uncertainty is typically popular is a huge plus for any successful person.
The myth that shy people are less effective leaders than their outgoing fellows is just a misunderstanding.Make wise use of your personality strengths to lead your business no matter what side of the range you fall on.
你很少在同一句话中看到“害羞”和“字母”这两个词。毕竟，人们普遍认为，那些外向、善于交际的人是很好的公共演说家和优秀的交际者，而那些害羞的人则不然。《今日美国》进行的一项调查显示，65%的高管认为害羞是领导能力的障碍。有趣的是，同一篇文章强调，大约40%的领导者实际上相当害羞——他们只是更善于适应情境需求。比尔·盖茨、沃伦·巴菲特和查尔斯·施瓦布只是其中的几个“局”。
与外向的同龄人不同，他们对奖励和冒险更敏感，害羞的人对机会持谨慎态度。与定义社交聚会的华而不实的闲聊不同，害羞的人会认真倾听别人的话，并在说话前吸收。当对方还在说话时，他们不会考虑该说什么，而是倾听，这样他们就能学会说什么。同样，害羞的人也有着共同的学习爱好。它们本质上是(内在地） 有动机，因此无论是否达到外部标准，都会寻求内容。
害羞还可以带来其他好处。还记得在学校里，听到同样的孩子们做出贡献，直到几乎从不说一句话的害羞的小约翰尼插话吗？然后发生了什么？每个人都转过身来，非常尊敬地看着小约翰尼在说话。这就是害羞的人如何充分利用他们在场的力量：他们通过冷静和有目的地说话来“拥有”这一时刻，这转化为一个积极的形象。
害羞往往与谦虚有关。这并不是说追求聚光灯的人并不谦逊，但害羞的人往往对自己的能力和成就有准确的认识。因此，他们能够承认错误、不完美、知识差距和局限性。
由于害羞的人对外界奖励的敏感性比外向的人低，他们更愿意在信息很少的情况下工作，并坚持自己的内心欲望。害羞的人也更有可能坚持寻找不太明显的解决方案。不相信我？也许你会相信阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦，他曾说过：“这并不是因为我这么聪明，而是因为我在问题上待得更长。”显然，在不确定性通常很普遍的地方找到确定性对任何成功人士来说都是一大优势。
害羞的人不如外向的人是有效的领导者，这种说法只是一种误解。无论你属于哪一方，都要明智地利用你的个性优势来领导你的业务。
句子成分分析：
A survey conducted [by USA] [Today] referred to 65 percent (of executives (who believed shyness to be a barrier [to leadership])).
句子语法结构详解：
* conducted 为过去分词，作后置定语。
* referred 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* who 为关系代词，引导定语从句。
* believed 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* to be 为不定式，作宾语补足语(或称复合宾语)。
* be 为系动词。
* a 为不定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
1) 提到..., 说到... 2) 查阅..., 参考... |
Vocabulary:
survey ['sәvei] | n. | 1) 民意调查 2) 测量，测绘 |
conduct [kən'dʌkt] | vt. | 1) 指挥（歌唱或音乐演奏） 2) 组织，安排，实施，执行 |
abbr | 1) 美国 2) 南非联邦 | |
today [tә'dei] | ad. | 1) 今天, 当今 2) 现在，当今，当代 |
65 percent | 65% | |
executive [ig'zekjutiv] | n. | 1) 经理，主管 2) 行政领导，高层人员 |
believe [bi'li:v] | vt. | 1) 相信，认为真实 2) 认为(……有可能), 把（某事）当真 |
shyness ['ʃainis] | n. | 羞怯, 胆怯 |
barrier ['bæriә] | n. | 1) 屏障，障碍物 2) 障碍，阻力，关卡 |
leadership ['li:dәʃip] | n. | 1) 领导力，领导才能 2) 领导地位 |
句子语法错误检查：
句子成分分析：
[Unlike their outgoing counterparts (who are more sensitive to rewards and risk-taking)], shy people take a cautious approach to chance.
句子语法结构详解：
* who 为关系代词，引导定语从句。
* are 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* sensitive 为形容词作表语。
* take 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* their 为形容词型物主代词。a 为不定冠词。
句子相关词汇解释：
Phrase:
be sensitive to... | 1) 对...敏感, 对...反应过激, 对...易生气 2) (仪器等)对...灵敏 |
take...to... | 1) 把...带到..., 把...运到... 2) 把...拿给... 3) 乘坐...到... |
Vocabulary:
unlike [,ʌn'laik] | prep. | 与...不同, 不像...， 与...相反 |
outgoing ['autgәuiŋ] | a. | 1) 外向的,爱好交际的 2) 离职的, 卸任的 |
counterpart ['kauntәpɑ:t] | n. | 职位（或作用）相当的人，对应的事物 |
more [mɔ:] | ad. | 1) 更加; 更甚 2) (与形容词或副词连用，构成比较级)更 |
reward [ri'wɔ:d] | n. | 1) 奖励，回报，报酬 2) 赏格，悬赏金 |
and [ænd] | conj. | 1) 和, 与, 同, 并 2) 然后，接着 |
risk-taking | n. | 冒险；承担风险 |
shy [ʃai] | a. | 1) 害怕（做），对（做）……心怀顾忌 2) 羞怯的，腼腆的，怕生的 |
people ['pi:pl] | n. | 1) 人，人们，大家 2) 国民，人民，臣民，群众 |
cautious ['kɔ:ʃәs] | a. | 小心的，谨慎的 |
approach [ә'prәutʃ] | n. | 1) （待人接物或思考问题的）方式，方法，态度 2) （距离和时间上）靠近，接近 |
chance [tʃɑ:ns] | n. | 1) 机会，时机 2) 可能性 |
句子成分分析：
[Maybe] you'll believe Albert Einstein, (who once said)," It's not | that I'm so smart, || it's | that I stay with problems [longer].
句子语法结构详解：
(said 为 say 的过去式。you'll = you will, It's = It is, I'm = I am, it's = it is, longer 为 long 的比较级形式)
* believe 为谓语，采用一般将来时。
* who 为关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句。
* said 为谓语，采用一般过去时。
* 第1个 is 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* 第1个 that 为连词，引导表语从句。
* am 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* smart 为形容词作表语。
* 第2个 it 开头为陈述句。
* 第2个 is 为系动词作谓语，采用一般现在时。
* 第2个 that 为连词，引导表语从句。
* stay 为谓语，采用一般现在时。
* you 为人称代词。will 为情态动词。I 为人称代词主格。
句子相关词汇解释：
Vocabulary:
maybe ['meibi:] | ad. | 1) (提出建议)或许，也许 2) (不确定)大概，或许，可能 |
believe [bi'li:v] | vt. | 1) 相信，认为真实 2) 认为(……有可能), 把（某事）当真 |
once [wʌns] | ad. | 1) 曾经 2) 一次，一回，仅一次 |
say [sei] | vi. | 1) 说，讲，告诉 2) 表达，表述 |
so [sәu] | ad. | 1) (表程度)这么, 那么 2) (表方式)这样, 那样 |
smart [smɑ:t] | a. | 1) 聪明的，机敏的，精明的 2) (衣服等)衣着讲究的, 整洁的, 漂亮的，光鲜的 |
stay [stei] | vi. | 1) 停留,呆一段时间 2) 保持, 继续是 |
problem ['prɔblәm] | n. | 1) 棘手的问题，难题，困难 2) 逻辑题，数学题 |
long [lɔŋ] | ad. | 1) 长久, 长期 2) 持续整段时间, 整整... |
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